GRAPHENE/GRAPHENE OXIDE PLATELET COMPOSITE MEMBRANES AND METHODS AND DEVICES THEREOF
Methods for making composite membranes (graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membranes) and methods of aligned transfer of such composite membranes to substrates are shown. Compositions and devices that include such composite membranes are further shown.
1 . A method comprising:
(i) selecting a growth substrate having a growth substrate surface;
(ii) growing graphene on the growth substrate surface, wherein the graphene has a graphene surface;
(iii) applying a dispersion of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene surface; and
(iv) producing a graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane by forming a self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene, wherein the step of forming the self-assembled film of graphene oxide sheets on the graphene comprises drying the dispersion of graphene oxide platelets.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of producing the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane further comprises reducing the graphene oxide platelets of the self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in the growth substrate is selected from the group consisting of a metal foil and a metal film on a solid support.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein metal of the metal foil or the metal film is selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, and combinations thereof.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth substrate comprises SiC.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the growth substrate is a SiC single-crystal wafer.
7 . The method of claim 1 further comprising placing the growth substrate in a reactor chamber before the step of growing the graphene.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of growing the graphene comprises a deposition process.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of growing the graphene comprises a surface enrichment by selective elemental desorption.
10 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the reduction of the graphene oxide platelets on the graphene comprises exposure of the graphene oxide to methane.
11 . The method of claim 1 further comprising repairing structural defects when producing the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of repairing defects comprises exposing the graphene oxide to methane.
13 . The method of claim 2 further comprising repairing defects when producing the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane, wherein
(i) the step of repairing defects comprises exposing the graphene oxide to methane; and
(ii) the step of exposing the graphene oxide to methane occurs during the step of reducing the graphene oxide sheets on the graphene when forming the graphene/reduced graphene oxide platelet composite membrane.
14 . The method of claim 1 further comprising removing the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane from the growth substrate.
15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising transferring the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane to a second substrate.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane removed from the growth substrate has a backing material that supports the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane during the step of transferring the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane to the second substrate.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the backing material is selected from the group consisting of polymers, metallic films, and combinations thereof.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the backing material comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of PMMA, photoresist, wax, and combinations thereof.
19 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the backing material is removed after the step of transferring the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane to the second substrate.
20 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the second substrate comprises patterned features.
21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the patterned features are selected from the group consisting of topographical, electronic, and chemical in nature and combinations thereof.
22 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the second substrate comprises an electronic chip.
23 . A method comprising:
(i) selecting a growth substrate having a growth substrate surface;
(ii) growing a conductive thin film on the growth substrate surface, wherein the conductive thin film has a conductive thin film surface;
(iii) applying a dispersion of graphene oxide platelets on the conductive thin film surface;
(iv) producing a conductive thin film/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane by forming a self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets on the conductive thin film, wherein the step of forming the self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets on the conductive thin film comprises drying the dispersion of graphene oxide platelets.
24 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the step of producing the conductive thin film/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane further comprises reducing the graphene oxide platelets on the conductive thin film.
25 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the conductive thin film comprises carbon nanotubes.
26 . A method comprising:
(i) selecting a growth substrate having a growth substrate surface;
(ii) growing graphene on the growth substrate surface;
(iii) depositing a dispersion of graphene oxide on a second substrate, wherein the graphene oxide has a graphene oxide surface;
(iv) transferring the graphene from the growth substrate onto the graphene oxide surface; and
(v) producing a graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane from the graphene oxide and the graphene transferred from the growth substrate.
27 . The method of claim 26 , wherein the graphene oxide is reduced before transferring the graphene onto the graphene oxide surface.
28 . A method comprising:
(i) selecting a substrate having a substrate surface;
(ii) causing graphene to be on the substrate surface, wherein the graphene has a graphene surface;
(iii) applying graphene oxide on the graphene surface;
(iv) forming a graphene/graphene oxide composite from the graphene and the graphene oxide.
29 . A method comprising:
(i) forming a thin film of graphene, wherein the graphene has a graphene surface;
(ii) applying a dispersion of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene surface; and
(iii) producing a graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane by forming a self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene, wherein the step of forming the self-assembled film of graphene oxide sheets on the graphene comprises drying the dispersion of graphene oxide platelets.
30 . A composition comprising a graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane, wherein
(i) the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane has a first thin film comprising graphene;
(ii) the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane has a second thin film comprising a self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets; and
(iii) the first thin film is on the second thin film.
31 . The composition of claim 30 , wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane is a graphene'reduced graphene oxide platelet composite membrane.
32 . The composition of claim 30 further comprising a substrate having a surface, wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane is on the surface of the substrate.
33 . The composition of claim 32 , wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane is removable from the substrate.
34 . The composition of claim 33 , wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane is a grapheneireduced graphene oxide platelet composite membrane.
35 . A device comprising:
(i) a graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane; and
(ii) a first substrate, wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane is on the first substrate.
36 . The device of claim 35 , wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane is made by the process comprising
(i) selecting a growth substrate having a growth substrate surface;
(ii) growing graphene on the growth substrate surface, wherein the graphene has a graphene surface;
(iii) applying a dispersion of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene surface;
(iv) producing the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane by forming a self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene, wherein the step of forming the self-assembled film of graphene oxide platelets on the graphene comprises drying the dispersion of graphene oxide platelets; and
(v) transferring the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane onto the first substrate.
37 . The device of claim 36 , wherein the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane is further made by the process of reducing the graphene oxide platelets on the graphene when forming the graphene/graphene oxide platelet composite membrane.
38 . The device of claim 35 , wherein the device is a NEM device that is operable for utilizing the graphene/graphene oxide composite.
39 . The device of claim 35 , wherein the device is a graphene/graphene oxide membrane switch.
40 . The device of claim 35 , wherein the device is a graphene/graphene oxide membrane pump.
41 . The device of claim 35 , wherein the first substrate comprises an electronic chip.