Isoxazolines for controlling invertebrate pests

1. An oral, topical, or parenteral veterinary formulation for the treatment or prophylaxis of pest or parasite infestation in animals which comprises:

(A) an parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of Formula I, an N-oxide, or a salt thereof; wherein

A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 and A 6 are independently selected from the group consisting of CR 3 and N, provided that at most 3 of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 and A 6 are N;

B 1 , B 2 and B 3 are independently selected from the group consisting of CR 2 and N;

W is O or S;

R 1 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl or C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 6 ;

each R 2 is independently H, halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, C 2 -C 6 dialkylamino, C 2 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, —CN or —NO 2 ;

each R 3 is independently H, halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, C 2 -C 6 dialkylamino, —CN or —NO 2 ;

R 4 is H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, C 2 -C 7 alkylcarbonyl or C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl;

R 5 is H, OR 10 , NR 11 R 12 or Q1; or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl or C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 7 ; or

R 4 and R 5 are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form a ring containing 2 to 6 atoms of carbon and optionally one additional atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, said ring optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 2 alkyl, halogen, —CN, —NO 2 and C 1 -C 2 alkoxy;

each R 6 is independently halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, —CN or —NO 2 ;

each R 7 is independently halogen; C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, C 2 -C 8 dialkylamino, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylamino, C 2 -C 7 alkylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 7 alkylaminocarbonyl, C 3 -C 9 dialkylaminocarbonyl, C 2 -C 7 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 7 haloalkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 7 haloalkylaminocarbonyl, C 3 -C 9 halodialkylaminocarbonyl, hydroxy, —NH2, —CN or —NO2; or Q2;

each R 8 is independently halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, C 2 -C 6 dialkylamino, C 2 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, —CN or —NO 2 ;

each R 9 is independently halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, C 2 -C 6 dialkylamino, —CN, —NO 2 , phenyl or pyridinyl;

R 10 is H; or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl or C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one of more halogen;

R 11 is H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, C 2 -C 7 alkylcarbonyl or C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl;

R 12 is H; Q 3 ; or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl or C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 7 ; or

R 11 and R 12 are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form a ring containing 2 to 6 atoms of carbon and optionally one additional atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, said ring optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 2 alkyl, halogen, —CN, —NO 2 and C 1 -C 2 alkoxy;

Q 1 is a phenyl ring, a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, or an 8-, 9- or 10-membered fused bicyclic ring system optionally containing one to three heteroatoms selected from up to 1 O, up to 1 S and up to 3 N, each ring or ring system optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 8 ;

each Q 2 is independently a phenyl ring or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, each ring optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 9 ;

Q 3 is a phenyl ring or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, each ring optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 9 ; and

n is 0, 1 or 2; and

(B) a pharmaceutically or veterinary acceptable carrier.

2. The formulation of claim 1 which is suitable for oral administration and further comprises at least one filler selected from the group consisting of starch, cellulose, synthetic polymers, and combinations thereof.

3. The formulation of claim 2 further comprising at least one humectant selected from the group consisting of glycols, other polyols, glycerine, sorbitol, and combinations thereof.

4. The formulation of claim 3 which is active against infestation by both ectoparasites and endoparasites.

5. The formulation of claim 4 wherein the ectoparasites are fleas and ticks and endoparasites are heartworms, hookworms, roundworms, tapeworms and other helminths.

6. The formulation of claim 4 wherein the filler is starch, the humectant is polyethylene glycol, and wherein the compound of Formula I has the following provisions: W is O or S; R 4 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; R 5 is H 2 C—(C═O)—(NH)—(CH 2 )—CF 3 ; A 1 =A 2 =A 3 =A 4 =A 5 =A 6 is C; R 1 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl or C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 6 ; R 6 is halogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 are independently H, halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy.

7. The formulation of claim 3 further comprising macrocyclic lactone.

8. The formulation of claim 1 which is administered as a topical spot-on further comprising at least one solvent to facilitate transport over the skin and/or penetration into the epidermis of an animal.

9. The formulation of claim 8 which is systemically active.

10. The formulation of claim 1 further comprising at least one additional biologically active agent or compound.

11. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the at least one additional active agent or compound is selected from the group consisting of sodium channel modulators, cholinesterase inhibitors, neonicotinoids, insecticidal macrocyclic lactones, GABA-regulated chloride channel blockers, chitin synthesis inhibitors, juvenile hormone mimics, octopamine receptor ligands, ecdysone agonists, ryanodine receptor ligands, nereistoxin analogs, mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors, lipid biosynthesis inhibitors, cyclodiene insecticides, molting inhibitors, nucleopolyhedro virus, a member of Bacillus thuringiensis , an encapsulated delta-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis and a naturally occurring or a genetically modified viral insecticide.

12. The formulation of claim 11 wherein the at least one additional active agent or compound is selected from the group consisting of amitraz, avermectins, abamectin, emamectin, imidacloprid, ivermectin, selamectin, dimadectin, doramectin, eprinomectin, latidectin, lepimectin, milbemectin, milbemycin D, milbemycin oxime, moxidectin, lufenuron, methoprene, pyriproxyfen, spinosad, benzimidazoles, levamisole, pyrazoles, fipronil, praziquantel, pyrantel, epsiprantel, depsipeptide, cyanoethylamides, and combinations thereof.

13. The formulation of claim 12 wherein the at least one additional active agent is amitraz, imidacloprid, eprinomectin, selamectin, milbemycin D, milbemycin oxime, methoprene, pyriproxyfen, fipronil, praziquantel, or a cyanoethylamide.

14. The formulation of claim 13 which is formulated as a spot-on, a pour-on, a chewable dosage form, an oral paste, or a feed pre-mix.

15. The formulation of claim 14 wherein the compound of Formula I has the following provisions: W is O or S; R 4 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; R 5 is H2C—(C═O)—(NH)—(CH 2 )—CF 3 ; A 1 =A 2 =A 3 =A 4 =A 5 =A 6 is C; R 1 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 7 alkylcycloalkyl or C 4 -C 7 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 6 ; R 6 is halogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 are independently H, halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy.

16. The formulation of claim 15 which is synergistic and comprises synergistically effective amounts of the compound of Formula I and synergistically effective amounts of the at least one additional active agent.

17. A method for protecting an animal from a pest or parasite comprising administering to the animal a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 1 .

18. A method for protecting an animal from a pest or parasite comprising administering to the animal a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 5 .

19. A method for protecting an animal from a pest or parasite comprising administering to the animal a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of claim 15 .