Electrical circuit for driving LEDs in dissimilar color string lengths
An electrical circuit is disclosed. The electrical circuit comprises a plurality of color strings coupled in series, where each color string has at least one lamp, preferably a light emitting diode. The color strings may be of dissimilar length and may contain light emitting diodes of different colors. In one embodiment, a switch coupled in parallel with one of the color strings is configured to shunt power away from the color string to a power supply. In another embodiment, a switch coupled in parallel with one of the color strings is configured to shunt power away from the color string to one or more other color strings. In several embodiments, passive storage elements are utilized to store shunted power. In another embodiment, a current injector is configured to inject or remove current from a node adjacent to a color string. In several embodiments the invention is implemented as a light emitting diode driver integrated circuit or chip. Methods are disclosed for producing a desired light output utilizing color strings that may be of dissimilar length and that may contain light emitting diodes of different colors.
1. A light emitting diode driver for driving a plurality of color strings each having at least one light emitting diode, wherein the plurality of color strings are coupled in series, and wherein the plurality of color strings is coupled to a power supply, the driver comprising:
a plurality of capacitors, wherein at least one capacitor is coupled in parallel to each one of the plurality of color strings;
a plurality of inductors; and
a plurality of switches, wherein each of the plurality of switches is coupled to a first one of the plurality of inductors through a first terminal of the switch and coupled to a second one of the plurality of inductors through a second terminal of the switch, wherein each set of one switch and at least two inductors is further coupled in parallel to one of the plurality of color strings, and further wherein the first terminal of each of the plurality of switches is coupled to the power supply through a first diode, and the second terminal of each of the plurality of switches is coupled to ground through a second diode,
wherein each switch is configured to shunt power away from a corresponding one of the plurality of color strings in parallel with the switch and return at least a portion of the shunted power through the first diode back to the power supply at a node between the power supply and a voltage supply; and
a controller configured to provide control signals to the plurality of switches to route power among the plurality of color strings to obtain a desired output color from the plurality of color strings.
2. The driver of claim 1 , wherein the power supply is a voltage source, and the voltage source is configured to provide voltage across the plurality of color strings.
3. The driver of claim 1 , wherein the power supply is a current source, the current source is configured to provide current to the plurality of color strings.
4. The driver of claim 1 , wherein the control signals are modulated.
5. The driver of claim 1 , wherein the control signals are modulated at approximately 100 kHz.
6. The driver of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of color strings includes at least two different color string lengths.
7. The driver of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of color strings contains light emitting diodes of different colors.
8. A light emitting diode driver for driving a plurality of color strings each having at least one light emitting diode, wherein the plurality of color strings are coupled in series, wherein a power supply is configured to provide power to the plurality of color strings, wherein a second terminal of each color string is coupled directly to a first terminal of a next color string in the series, and a second terminal of a last color string in the series is coupled to ground, the driver comprising:
a plurality of capacitors, wherein each capacitor is coupled in parallel to one of the plurality of color strings, and the plurality of capacitors is coupled in series;
a plurality of inductors, wherein a first terminal of each inductor is coupled to a first terminal of each color string;
a plurality of switches coupled in series, wherein a first terminal of each switch is coupled to a second terminal of an inductor, and a second terminal of a last switch in the series of switches is coupled to ground, wherein each switch is configured to shunt power away from a corresponding color string; and
a controller configured to provide control signals to the plurality of switches to route power among the plurality of color strings to obtain a desired output color from the plurality of color strings.
9. The driver of claim 8 , wherein the power supply is a voltage source.
10. The driver of claim 8 , wherein the power supply is a current source.
11. The driver of claim 8 , wherein the control signals are modulated.
12. The driver of claim 8 , wherein the control signals are modulated at approximately 100 kHz.
13. The driver of claim 8 , wherein power shunted away from a selected color string is shunted to a next color string in the series of color strings.
14. The driver of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of color strings includes at least two different color string lengths.
15. The driver of claim 8 , wherein at least one of the plurality of color strings contains light emitting diodes of different colors.
16. A method of producing a desired total light output using light emitting diodes, the method comprising:
providing a plurality of color strings coupled in series, wherein each color string has at least one light emitting diode, wherein a power supply is configured to provide power to the plurality of color strings, wherein a second terminal of each color string is coupled directly to a first terminal of a next color string in the series, and a second terminal of a last color string in the series is coupled to ground;
providing a plurality of capacitors, wherein each capacitor is coupled in parallel to one of the plurality of color strings, and the plurality of capacitors is coupled in series;
providing a plurality of inductors, wherein a first terminal of each inductor is coupled to a first terminal of each color string;
providing a plurality of switches coupled in series, wherein a first terminal of each switch is coupled to a second terminal of an inductor, and a second terminal of a last switch in the series of switches is coupled to ground, wherein each switch is configured to shunt power away from a corresponding color string;
determining a desired color string light output from each of the plurality of color strings to obtain the desired total light output; and
providing control signals to the plurality of switches to route power among the plurality of color strings to obtain the desired color string light output from each of the plurality of color strings.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the control signals are modulated.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the control signals are modulated at approximately 100 kHz.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein power shunted away from a selected color string is shunted to the next color string in the series of color strings.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of color strings includes at least two different color string lengths.