Granted Patent B2

US 8,779,012 · App. 13/165,085 · Granted Jul 15, 2014

Abstract

Claims (205)

1. A demulsifying composition comprising an oil phase, and aqueous phase and a demulsifying-effective amount of at least one polyorganosiloxane compound having the general formula (I):

M 1 a M 2 b D 1 c D 2 d T 1 e T 2 f Q g   (I)

wherein:

M 1 =R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 ,

M 2 =R 4 R 5 R L SiO 1/2 ,

D 1 =R 6 R 7 SiO 2/2 ,

D 2 =R 8 R L SiO 2/2 ,

T 1 =R 9 SiO 3/2 ,

T 2 =R L SiO 3/2 ,

Q=SiO 4/2 ,

where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are each independently chosen from monovalent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom, or at least one monovalent polyether radical having the general formula R P ;

R P is a monovalent polyether radical independently of the general formula (II):

—(C n H 2n )—O—(C 2 H 4 O) o —(C 3 H 6 O) P —(C 4 H 8 O) q —R 10   (II)

where R 10 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f and g are zero or positive integers, subject to the limitations: 2≦a+b+c+d+e+f+g≦500, b+d+f+≧1 and a+b=2+e+f+2g;

subscript n is 2 to about 10;

subscript o is 0 to about 200;

subscript p is 0 to about 200;

subscript q is 0 to about 200; and,

subject to the limitation o+p+q≧1;

R L is a monovalent radical independently chosen from the general formula (III):

—X—O—(C 2 H 4 O) r —(C 3 H 6 O) s —(C 4 H 8 O) t —{C(O)C u H 2u O} v —R 11   (III)

where R 11 is hydrogen or monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or an acyl group, and

where X is a linear, branched or cyclic divalent hydrocarbon or aralkyl radical containing from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom;

subscript r is 0 to about 200;

subscript s is 0 to about 200;

subscript t is 0 to about 200;

subscript u is 1 to about 20;

subscript v is 1 to about 200, and

subject to the limitation if r+s+t is equal to zero then the polyorganosiloxane contains at least one R P radical.

2. The demulsifying composition of claim 1 ,

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are each independently chosen from monovalent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom, or chosen from R P ;

R 10 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript n is 3 to about 10;

subscript o is 0 to about 100;

subscript p is 0 to about 100;

subscript q is 0 to about 50;

R 11 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 100;

subscript s is 0 to about 100;

subscript t is 0 to about 50;

subscript u is 1 to about 15; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 100.

3. The demulsifying composition of claim 1 ,

wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OH, OCH 3 or OC 2 H 5 ;

R 2 , R 3 , R 6 , R 7 and R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 or R P ;

R 4 , R 5 and R 8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 ;

R 10 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a monovalent alkyl radical containing 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, or an acyl group;

subscript n is 3 to about 6;

subscript o is 0 to about 50;

subscript p is 0 to about 50; and,

subscript q is 0 to about 10;

R 11 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 50;

subscript s is 0 to about 25;

subscript t is 0 to about 10;

subscript u is 1 to about 10; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 50.

4. The demulsifying composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyorganosiloxane compound (b) has the general formula (IV):

M 1 a M 2 b D 1 c D 2 d   (IV)

where

M 1 =R 12 R 13 R 14 SiO 1/2 ,

M 2 =R 15 R 16 R L SiO 1/2 ,

D 1 =R 17 R 18 SiO 2/2 ,

D 2 =R 19 R L SiO 2/2 ,

wherein, R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are each independently chosen from monovalent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms;

subscripts a, b, c and d are zero or positive integers, subject to the limitations: 2≦a+b+c+d≦500, and b+d≧0.1;

R P is a monovalent polyether radical independently chosen from the general formula (V):

—(C n H 2n )—O—(C 2 H 4 O) o —(C 3 H 6 O) p —(C 4 H 8 O) q —R 20   (V)

where subscript n is 2 to about 10;

subscript o is 0 to about 200;

subscript p is 0 to about 200;

subscript q is 0 to about 200; and,

subject to the limitation o+p+q≧1;

R 20 is hydrogen or monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

R L is a monovalent radical independently chosen from the general formula (VI):

—X—O—(C 2 H 4 O) r —(C 3 H 6 O) s —(C 4 H 8 O) t {C(O)C u H 2u O} v —R 21   (VI)

where X is a linear, branched or cyclic divalent hydrocarbon or aralkyl radical containing from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom;

R 21 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 200;

subscript s is 0 to about 200;

subscript t is 0 to about 200;

subscript u is 1 to about 20;

subscript v is 1 to about 200

subject to the limitation that if r+s+t is equal to zero then the polyorganosiloxane (b) contains at least one R P radical.

5. The demulsifier composition of claim 4 , wherein

R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are each independently chosen from a monovalent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms;

where subscripts a, b, c and d are zero or positive integers, subject to the limitations: 2≦a+b+c+d≦500, and b+d≧1;

subscript n is 3 to about 10;

subscript o is 0 to about 100;

subscript p is 0 to about 100; and,

subscript q is 0 to about 500;

R 20 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

R 21 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 100;

subscript s is 0 to about 100;

subscript t is 0 to about 50;

subscript u is 1 to about 15; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 100.

6. The demulsifier composition of claim 4 , wherein

R 12 is selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OH, OCH 3 or OC 2 H 5 ;

R 13 , R 14 , R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 or R P ;

R 15 , R 16 , and R 19 are each CH 3 ;

subscript n is 3 to about 6;

subscript o is 0 to about 50;

subscript p is 0 to about 50; and,

subscript q is 0 to about 10;

R 20 is hydrogen or monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

R 21 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 50;

subscript s is 0 to about 50;

subscript t is 0 to about 10;

subscript u is 1 to about 10; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 50.

7. The demulsifier composition of claim 4 , wherein the moiety {—C(O)C u H 2u O—} of formula (VI) is independently selected from the group consisting of glycolide {—C(O)CH 2 O—}, lactide {—C(O)CH(CH 3 )O—}, butyrolactide {—C(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O—}, caprolactide {—C(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O radicals and {—C(O)CH 2 CH 2 O—} radicals.

8. The demulsifying composition of claim 1 wherein said composition further comprises one or more additional organic or silicone demulsifier components and the weight ratio of the polyorganosiloxane compound to the total amount of demulsifier and any additional organic demulsifier is in the range of about 100:1 to about 1:1000.

9. The demulsifying composition of claim 1 wherein the concentration of said demulsifying effective amount of polyorganosiloxane compound is from about 0.1 ppm to about 10,000 ppm.

10. The demulsifying composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyorganosiloxane compound has sea water biodegradability of at least 18% in 28 days, when tested according to OECD 306 guidelines.

11. The composition of claim 10 wherein the composition is contained in a demulsifying agent for demulsification of mining industrial fluids, demulsification of petroleum industry fluids, demulsification of oil field and refinery fluids, stream assisted gravity drainage, enhanced oil recovery, separation of waste oil and sludge, separation of gas/oil/water fluids, dehazing of lubrication oils and lubrication oil waste, preventing emulsion formation, diesel fuel dehazing, dispersion and drag reduction of asphaltene, and combinations thereof.

12. A method for separating an emulsion comprising:

(i) combining the components of the demulsification composition of claim 1 into a mixture;

(ii) allowing the demulsification composition mixture to separate into at least two phases; and

(iii) separating said at least two phases from each other.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently chosen from monovalent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom, or chosen from R P ;

R 10 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript n is 3 to about 10;

subscript o is 0 to about 100;

subscript p is 0 to about 100;

subscript q is 0 to about 50;

R 11 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 100;

subscript s is 0 to about 100;

subscript t is 0 to about 50;

subscript u is 1 to about 15; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 100.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OH, OCH 3 and OC 2 H 5 ;

R 2 , R 3 , R 6 , R 7 and R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 and R P ;

R 4 , R 5 and R 8 are each CH 3 ;

R 10 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a monovalent alkyl radical containing 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, and an acyl group;

subscript n is 3 to about 6;

subscript o is 0 to about 50;

subscript p is 0 to about 50; and,

subscript q is 0 to about 10;

R 11 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms and an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 50;

subscript s is 0 to about 25;

subscript t is 0 to about 10;

subscript u is 1 to about 10; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 50.

15. The method of claim 12 wherein component (b) has the general formula (IV):

M 1 a M 2 b D 1 c D 2 d   (IV)

where

M 1 =R 12 R 13 R 14 SiO 1/2 ,

M 2 =R 15 R 16 R L SiO 1/2 ,

D 1 =R 17 R 18 SiO 2/2 ,

D 2 =R 19 R L SiO 2/2 ,

wherein, R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are each independently chosen from monovalent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms;

subscripts a, b, c and d are zero or positive integers, subject to the limitations: 2≦a+b+c+d≦500, and b+d≧1;

R P is a monovalent polyether radical independently chosen from the general formula (V):

—(C n H 2n )—O—(C 2 H 4 O) o —(C 3 H 6 O) p —(C 4 H 8 O) q —R 20   (V)

where subscript n is 2 to about 10;

subscript o is 0 to about 200;

subscript p is 0 to about 200;

subscript q is 0 to about 200; and,

subject to the limitation o+p+q≧1;

R 20 is hydrogen or monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

R L is a monovalent radical independently chosen from the general formula (VI):

—X—O—(C 2 H 4 O) r —(C 3 H 6 O) s —(C 4 H 8 O) t —{C(O)C u H 2u O} v —R 21   (VI)

where X is a linear, branched or cyclic divalent hydrocarbon or aralkyl radical containing from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom;

R 21 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 200;

subscript s is 0 to about 200;

subscript t is 0 to about 200;

subscript u is 1 to about 10;

subscript v is 1 to about 200,

and subject to the limitation that if r+s+t is equal to zero then the polyorganosiloxane (b) contains at least one R P radical.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are each independently chosen from a monovalent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms;

where subscripts a, b, c and d are zero or positive integers, subject to the limitations: 2≦a+b+c+d≦500, and b+d≧1;

subscript n is 3 to about 10;

subscript o is 0 to about 200;

subscript p is 0 to about 200; and,

subscript q is 0 to about 200;

R 20 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

R 21 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 100;

subscript s is 0 to about 100;

subscript t is 0 to about 50;

subscript u is 1 to about 15; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 100.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein R 12 is selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OH, OCH 3 or OC 2 H 5 ;

R 13 , R 14 , R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 or R P ;

R 15 , R 16 , and R 19 are each CH 3 ;

subscript n is 3 to about 6;

subscript o is 0 to about 50;

subscript p is 0 to about 50; and,

subscript q is 0 to about 10;

R 20 is hydrogen or monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

R 21 is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms or an acyl group;

subscript r is 0 to about 50;

subscript s is 0 to about 50;

subscript t is 0 to about 10;

subscript u is 1 to about 10; and,

subscript v is 1 to about 50.

18. The demulsifier composition of claim 15 , wherein the moiety {—C(O)C u H 2u O—} of formula (VI) is independently selected from the group consisting of glycolide {—C(O)CH 2 O—}, lactide {—C(O)CH(CH 3 )O—}, butyrolactide {—C(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O—}, caprolactide {—C(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O—}, {—C(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O—} radicals and {—C(O)CH 2 CH 2 O—} radicals, and where z=0.

19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the polyorganosiloxane compound (b) has sea water biodegradability of at least 18% in 28 days, when tested according to OECD 306 guidelines.

Assignments (20)