Mold apparatus for forming polymer and method
Various mold apparatuses and methods for forming a polymer with induction heat energy are provided. In one embodiment of the present invention, a mold apparatus for forming polymer includes a mold having a top mold portion and a top mold surface that is magnetic. The bottom mold portion of the mold includes an induction heating unit that is at least partially embedded in the bottom mold portion that provides induction heat energy to the mold. The mold apparatus is constructed and arranged to dissipate greater than about 50% of the induction heat energy in the top mold portion. The induction heating unit of the bottom portion of the mold provides rapid heating to the top mold surface to provide high surface quality polymer parts and a shorter molding cycle time while utilizing less energy.
1. A mold apparatus for forming polymer comprising:
a first mold portion comprising a first mold surface which is magnetic;
a second mold portion having an opposing mold surface that opposes the first mold surface when the apparatus is in use and wherein the second mold portion comprises an induction heating unit which provides induction heat energy to the mold apparatus and which is at least partially embedded in the second mold portion; and
wherein the mold apparatus is constructed and arranged such that in use the polymer to be formed is positioned between the first mold surface of the first mold portion and the opposing mold surface of the second mold portion and wherein the mold apparatus is constructed and arranged to dissipate greater than 50% of the induction heat energy in the first mold portion.
2. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the opposing mold surface comprises discrete areas of magnetic surfaces and non-magnetic surfaces.
3. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the induction heating unit comprises a stator and at least one coil wound on the stator.
4. The mold apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the at least one coil is wound around the stator in a transverse loop arrangement.
5. The mold apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the stator comprises a material selected from: silicon steel, ferrite, permandur, hyperco, amorphous materials, and mixtures thereof.
6. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the induction heating unit generates heat in a single phase.
7. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the induction heating unit generates heat in multiple phases.
8. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the induction heating unit comprises at least one coil and the at least one coil is configured in multiple phases and multiple poles.
9. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the induction heating unit comprises at least one coil and the at least one coil is substantially equidistant to the first mold surface to provide substantially equal distribution of the magnetic flux created on the magnetic mold surface.
10. The mold apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the pitch of the at least one coil is substantially constant to provide uniform magnetic field distribution along the first mold surface.
11. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the power supplied to the induction heating unit is less than about 3 megawatts per square meter.
12. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first mold portion comprises no induction heating unit.
13. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first mold surface comprises a material selected from the group: iron, steel, carbon, magnesium and alloys thereof; and wherein the opposing mold surface of the second mold portion comprises another material selected from the group: cobalt-based materials, amorphous materials, ceramics, beryllium, glass, wood, polymers, copper, aluminum, non-magnetic stainless steel, and mixtures thereof.
14. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first mold surface comprises a magnetic material, and the opposing mold surface comprises a second material having a lower eddy current loss than the magnetic material.
15. The mold apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the induction heating unit is located within 60 millimeters of the first mold surface to provide induction heat energy to the first mold surface.
16. The mold apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the opposing mold surface comprises discrete areas of the stator.