Reinforced concrete dense column structure systems
View Patent ↗A monolithic reinforced concrete (RC) dense column structure includes RC dense columns along a structure perimeter, RC window structures along the structure perimeter, and a RC beam over the dense columns and the window structures around the structure perimeter. Each window structure includes RC window columns, a RC short window column between the window columns, and a RC window beam between the window columns and over the short window column. The structure further includes prefabricated wall panels having molds that casted the dense columns, the window structures, and the beam.
1. A monolithic reinforced concrete dense column structure to form part of a building, comprising:
a monolithic structure perimeter to form part of the building, comprising:
one or more groups of reinforced concrete dense columns along at least part of the structure perimeter;
one or more reinforced concrete window structures along at least part of the structure perimeter, each window structure comprising:
reinforced concrete window columns;
a reinforced concrete short window column between the window columns; and
a reinforced concrete window beam between the window columns and over the short window column;
a reinforced concrete beam over the one or more groups of dense columns and the one or more window structures along the structure perimeter;
a grid of reinforced concrete frame beams including the beam over the dense columns;
reinforced concrete frame columns under frame beam intersections, the frame columns having a larger cross-section than the dense columns, wherein each group of dense columns is located between two frame columns and each window structure is located between two frame columns; and
prefabricated wall panels along the structure perimeter, the prefabricated wall panels comprising molds that cast the one or more groups of dense columns, the one or more window structures, the beam, and the frame columns, wherein the prefabricated wall panels includes full-height prefabricated wall panels and less-than-full-height prefabricated wall panels fixed between the full-height prefabricated wall panels.
2. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the full-height prefabricated wall panels each has a window column mold at its end adjoining the less-than-full-height prefabricated wall panels, dense column and frame column molds between its two ends, and a frame beam mold at its top.
3. The structure of claim 2 , wherein:
the window column molds of the full-height prefabricated walls each comprises a top opening and a bottom opening; and
the less-than-full-height prefabricated wall panels comprise lower and upper prefabricated wall panels, the lower prefabricated wall panel having window column molds at its two ends that open to the bottom openings of the window column molds of the adjoining full-height prefabricated walls, a short window column mold between its two ends, and a window beam mold at its top, and the upper prefabricated wall panel having a beam mold at its top and two protruding tabs that fit into the top openings of the window column molds of the adjoining full-height prefabricated walls.
4. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the beam comprises a ring beam.
5. The structure of claim 1 , further comprising:
other dense columns within the structure perimeter; and
another beam over the other dense columns within the structure perimeter.
6. The structure of claim 1 , further comprising:
shear walls within and not along the structure perimeter.
7. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the frame columns comprises a cross-section selected from the group consisting of rectangular, L-shaped, T-shaped, and cross-shaped cross-sections.
8. The structure of claim 1 , wherein a window structure is located at a corner of the structure so its window columns are located on both sides of the corner and its short window column is located at the corner.
9. The structure of claim 1 , wherein each window structure further comprises:
window column rebar structures for the window columns, each window column rebar structure comprising a tall rebar cage and a short rebar cage fixed to the tall rebar cage;
a short window column rebar structure for the short window column, the short window column rebar structure being between the window column rebar structures; and
a window beam rebar structure for the window beam, the window beam rebar structure being fixed at its ends to the window column rebar structures and near its middle to the short window column rebar structure.
10. A building, comprising:
first and second monolithic reinforced concrete dense column structures forming two stories of the building, each structure comprising:
a monolithic structure perimeter, comprising:
one or more groups of reinforced concrete dense columns along the structure perimeter;
one or more reinforced concrete window structures along the structure perimeter, each window structure comprising:
reinforced concrete window columns;
a reinforced concrete short window column between the window columns; and
a reinforced concrete window beam between the window columns and over the short window column;
a reinforced concrete beam over the one or more groups of dense columns and the one or more window structures along the structure perimeter;
a grid of reinforced concrete frame beams including the beam over the dense columns;
reinforced concrete frame columns under frame beam intersections in the grid, the frame columns having a larger cross-section than the dense columns, wherein each group of dense columns is located between two frame columns and each window structure is located between two frame columns; and
prefabricated wall panels with molds that cast the one or more groups of dense columns, the one or more window structures, the beam, and the frame columns, wherein the prefabricated wall panels includes full-height prefabricated wall panels and less-than-full-height prefabricated wall panels fixed between the full-height prefabricated wall panels.
11. The building of claim 10 , wherein the dense columns of the two stories are aligned vertically, and vertical rebars for the dense columns of the two stories are continuously coupled.
12. The building of claim 10 , wherein the dense columns of the two stories are not aligned vertically, and vertical rebars for the dense columns of the two stories are discontinuous.
13. The structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the dense columns, the window columns, the short window column, the window beam, and the beam comprises a rectangular rebar cage with four vertical rebars connected to a rectangular stirrup.
14. The structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the less-than-full-height prefabricated wall panels has a relief.
15. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the frame column molds are flush with an exterior side of the prefabricated wall panel so the frame columns extend inward from the prefabricated wall panel.
16. The structure of claim 1 , wherein a prefabricated wall panel has:
an L-shaped frame column mold to cast an L-shaped frame column; and
a T-shaped frame column mold to cast a T-shaped frame column, the T-shaped frame column mold is flush with an exterior side of the prefabricated wall panel so the T-shaped frame column extends inward from the prefabricated wall panel.
17. The structure of claim 1 , wherein a prefabricated wall panel has a frame column mold and a column capital mold to cast a column capital atop a frame column, the column capital has a trapezoidal shape, a rectangular shape, a cylindrical shape, or a combination of the trapezoidal shape and the rectangular or the cylindrical shape.
18. The structure of claim 1 , wherein one of the prefabricated wall panels has foam boards arranged vertically along the length of the prefabricated wall panel wherein spaces between adjacent foam boards define molds for the reinforced concrete dense columns.
19. The structure of claim 3 , wherein the lower and the upper prefabricated wall panels are straight.