Substituted hydroxamic acids and uses thereof

1. A compound of formula (IV-a):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof

wherein:

one of X 1 and X 2 is CR 1 and the other is N;

G is —R 3 , —V 1 —R 3 , —V 1 -L 1 -R 3 , -L 2 -V 1 —R 3 , -L 2 -V 2 —R 3 , —V 1 -L 1 -V 2 —R 3 , or -L 1 -R 3 ;

L 1 is unsubstituted or substituted C 1-3 alkylene chain;

L 2 is unsubstituted or substituted C 2-3 alkylene chain;

V 1 is —C(O)—, —C(S)—, —C(O)—N(R 4a )—, —C(O)—O—, —S(O) 2 —, or —SO 2 —N(R 4a )—;

V 2 is —N(R 4a )—, —N(R 4a )—C(O)—, —N(R 4a )—SO 2 —, —SO 2 —N(R 4a )—, —SO 2 —, —C(O)—, —C(O)—O—, —O—C(O)—, —O—, —S—, —N(R 4a )—C(O)—N(R 4a )—, —N(R 4a )—C(O)—O—, —O—C(O)—N(R 4a )—, or —N(R 4a )—SO 2 —N(R 4a )—;

R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted C 1-6 aliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, unsubstituted or substituted 6-10-membered aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; and

each occurrence of R 4a is independently hydrogen, or unsubstituted or substituted C 1-4 aliphatic.

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein:

G is —R 3 , —V 1 —R 3 , —V 1 -L 1 -R 3 , or -L 1 -R 3 ; and

V 1 is —C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R 4a )—, or —S(O) 2 —.

3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein:

each substitutable carbon chain atom in R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted with 1-2 occurrences of —R 5dd ;

each substitutable saturated ring carbon atom in R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted with ═O, ═C(R 5 ) 2 , or —R 5aa ;

each substitutable unsaturated ring carbon atom in R 3 is unsubstituted or is substituted with —R 5a ;

each substitutable ring nitrogen atom in R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted with —R 9b ;

each R 5a is independently halogen, —NO 2 , —CN, —C(R 5 )═C(R 5 ) 2 , —C≡C—R 5 , —OR 5 , —SR 6 , —S(O)R 6 , —SO 2 R 6 , —SO 2 N(R 4 ) 2 , —N(R 4 ) 2 , —NR 4 C(O)R 5 , —NR 4 C(O)N(R 4 ) 2 , —NR 4 CO 2 R 6 , —OC(O)N(R 4 ) 2 , —C(O)R 6 , —C(O)N(R 4 ) 2 , —N(R 4 )SO 2 R 6 , —N(R 4 )SO 2 N(R 4 ) 2 , unsubstituted or substituted C 1-6 aliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, unsubstituted or substituted 6-10-membered aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; or two adjacent R 5a , taken together with the intervening ring atoms, form an unsubstituted or substituted fused 5-10 membered aromatic ring or an unsubstituted or substituted 4-10 membered non-aromatic ring having 0-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;

each occurrence of R 5aa is independently chloro, fluoro, hydroxy, unsubstituted or substituted C 1-6 aliphatic, —O(C 1-6 alkyl), —C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —O—C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, cyano, —N(R 4 ) 2 , —C(O)(C 1-6 alkyl), —CO 2 H, —C(O)NH 2 , —C(O)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), —C(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —NHC(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)OC 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, or —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl;

each occurrence of R 5dd is independently fluoro, hydroxy, —O(C 1-6 alkyl), cyano, —N(R 4 ) 2 , —C(O)(C 1-6 alkyl), —CO 2 H, —C(O)NH 2 , —C(O)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), —C(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —NHC(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)OC 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, or —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl;

each R 4 is independently hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C 1-6 aliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, unsubstituted or substituted 6-10-membered aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; or two R 4 on the same nitrogen atom, taken together with the nitrogen atom, form an unsubstituted or substituted 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl or an unsubstituted or substituted 4- to 8-membered heterocyclyl having, in addition to the nitrogen atom, 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;

each R 5 is independently hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C 1-6 aliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, unsubstituted or substituted 6-10-membered aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,

each R 6 is independently unsubstituted or substituted C 1-6 aliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, unsubstituted or substituted 6-10-membered aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;

each R 9b is independently —C(O)R 6 , —C(O)N(R 4 ) 2 , —CO 2 R 6 , —SO 2 R 6 , —SO 2 N(R 4 ) 2 , unsubstituted C 3-10 cycloaliphatic, C 3-10 cycloaliphatic substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 , unsubstituted C 1-6 aliphatic, or C 1-6 aliphatic substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 ;

each R 7 is independently unsubstituted or substituted 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, unsubstituted or substituted 6-10-membered aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; and

each R 8 is independently chloro, fluoro, —OH, —O(C 1-6 alkyl), —CN, —N(R 4 ) 2 , —C(O)(C 1-6 alkyl), —CO 2 H, —CO 2 (C 1-6 alkyl), —C(O)NH 2 , —C(O)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), or —C(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 .

4. The compound of claim 3 , wherein:

each substitutable saturated ring carbon atom in R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted with —R 5aa ;

the total number of R 5a and R 5aa substituents is p;

p is 1-4;

each R 5a is independently halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, unsubstituted C 1-6 aliphatic, C 1-6 aliphatic substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 , unsubstituted —O—C 1-6 alkyl, —O—C 1-6 alkyl substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 , C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —O—C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —NHC(O)R 6 , —C(O)NH(R 4 ), —NHC(O)O—C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC 1-6 alkyl, —N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , 6-10-membered aryl substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , or 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , and

each occurrence of R 7a is independently chloro, fluoro, C 1-6 aliphatic, C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —O—C 1-6 alkyl, —O—C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, cyano, hydroxy, —CO 2 H, —NHC(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —N 1 —IC 1-6 alkyl, —N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —C(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , or —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl.

5. The compound of claim 3 , represented by formula (IV-a-i):

6. The compound of claim 5 , wherein:

G is —R 3 , —V 1 —R 3 , —V 1 -L 1 -R 3 , or -L 1 -R 3 ; and

V 1 is —C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R 4a )—, or —S(O) 2 —.

7. The compound of claim 6 , wherein R 3 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, butenyl, propenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyranyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, indolizinyl, imidazopyridyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzodioxolyl, benzthiadiazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrolyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydronaphthyridinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, pteridinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, indanyl, tetrahydroindazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolidonyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, decahydroquinolinyl, oxazolidinyl, piperazinyl, dioxanyl, diazepinyl, oxazepinyl, thiazepinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, quinuclidinyl, phenanthridinyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indolinyl, benzodioxanyl, chromanyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, bicycloheptanyl, azabicyclooctanyl, oxabicyclooctanyl, bicyclononyl, bicyclooctanyl, or adamantyl.

8. The compound of claim 7 , wherein:

each substitutable saturated ring carbon atom in R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted with —R 5aa ;

the total number of R 5a and R 5aa substituents is p;

p is 1-4;

each R 5a is independently halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, unsubstituted C 1-6 aliphatic, C 1-6 aliphatic substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 , unsubstituted alkyl, —O—C 1-6 alkyl substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 , C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —O—C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —NHC(O)R 6 , —C(O)NH(R 4 ), —NHC(O)O—C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC 1-6 alkyl, —N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , 6-10-membered aryl substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , or 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a ; and

each occurrence of R 7a is independently chloro, fluoro, C 1-6 aliphatic, C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —O—C 1-6 alkyl, —O—C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, cyano, hydroxy, —CO 2 H, —NHC(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC 1-6 alkyl, —N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —C(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , or —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl.

9. The compound of claim 3 , represented by formula (IV-a-ii):

10. The compound of claim 9 , wherein:

G is —R 3 , —V 1 —R 3 , —V 1 -L 1 -R 3 , or -L 1 -R 3 ; and

V 1 is —C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R 4a )—, or —S(O) 2 —.

11. The compound of claim 10 , wherein R 3 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, butenyl, propenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyranyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, indolizinyl, imidazopyridyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzodioxolyl, benzthiadiazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrolyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydronaphthyridinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, pteridinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, indanyl, tetrahydroindazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolidonyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, decahydroquinolinyl, oxazolidinyl, piperazinyl, dioxanyl, diazepinyl, oxazepinyl, thiazepinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, quinuclidinyl, phenanthridinyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indolinyl, benzodioxanyl, chromanyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, bicycloheptanyl, azabicyclooctanyl, oxabicyclooctanyl, bicyclononyl, bicyclooctanyl, or adamantyl.

12. The compound of claim 11 , wherein:

each substitutable saturated ring carbon atom in R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted with —R 5aa ;

the total number of R 5a and R 5aa substituents is p;

p is 1-4;

each R 5a is independently halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, unsubstituted C 1-6 aliphatic, C 1-6 aliphatic substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 , unsubstituted —O—C 1-6 alkyl, —O—C 1-6 alkyl substituted with 1-2 independent occurrences of R 7 or R 8 , C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkyl, —NHC(O)R 6 , —C(O)NH(R 4 ), —NHC(O)O—C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC 1-6 alkyl, —N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , 3-10-membered cycloaliphatic substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , 4-10-membered heterocyclyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , 6-10-membered aryl substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a , or 5-10-membered heteroaryl having 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur substituted with 0-2 occurrences of —R 7a ; and

each occurrence of R 7a is independently chloro, fluoro, C 1-6 aliphatic, C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, —O—C 1-6 alkyl, —O—C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, cyano, hydroxy, —CO 2 H, —NHC(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —NHC 1-6 alkyl, —N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —C(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —C(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , —NHC(O)NHC 1-6 alkyl, —NHC(O)N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , or —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl.

13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X 1 is CR 1 and X 2 is N.

15. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X 1 is N and X 2 is CR 1 .

16. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is:

I-2 6-acetyl-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-3 tert-butyl 3-[(hydroxyamino)carbonyl]-5,8-dihydro-1,7-naphthyridine-7(6H)-carboxylate;

I-4 7-(1-benzothien-2-ylcarbonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-6 N-hydroxy-6-[(4-methyl-2-pyridin-2-yl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-7 N-hydroxy-6-[(3-phenyl-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-8 N 2 -hydroxy-N 6 -(2-methylphenyl)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-9 N-hydroxy-7-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-10 N-hydroxy-7-[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-11 N-hydroxy-6-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-13 N 6 -[1-adamantyl]-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-14 6-(1-benzofuran-2-ylcarbonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-15 7-[1-adamantylcarbonyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-16 N 6 -(sec-butyl)-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-17 N 6 -cyclohexyl-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-18 7-(1-benzofuran-2-ylcarbonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-19 N-hydroxy-6-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-21 7-acetyl-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-22 6-[1-adamantylcarbonyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-24 N-hydroxy-7-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-25 N 6 -benzyl-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-26 N-hydroxy-7-[(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-27 N-hydroxy-6-[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-28 7-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-33 6-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-34 N 6 -biphenyl-2-yl-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-35 N-hydroxy-6-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-36 N 2 -hydroxy-N 6 -propyl-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-37 N-hydroxy-7-[(3-phenyl-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-38 6-benzyl-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide; or

I-40 N 6 -(2-tert-butylphenyl)-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide.

17. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is:

I-41 7-(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-43 N 2 -hydroxy-N 6 -(5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazol-4-yl)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-45 N 6 -(tert-butyl)-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-46 6-(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-47 N 6 -(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-48 N-hydroxy-7-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-49 6-(1-benzothien-2-ylcarbonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-51 N 2 -hydroxy-N 6 -phenyl-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-54 N 2 -hydroxy-N 6 -(5-phenyl-2-thienyl)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-55 N 2 -hydroxy-N 6 -(2-phenylethyl)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-59 N-hydroxy-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-60 6-[(4-butoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-61 6-(butylsulfonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-63 7-cyclopentyl-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-65 3-tert-butylphenyl 3-[(hydroxyamino)carbonyl]-5,8-dihydro-1,7-naphthyridine-7(6H)-carboxylate;

I-66 N-hydroxy-7-(methylsulfonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-67 N-hydroxy-6-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine-2-carboxamide;

I-69 N-hydroxy-6-(pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-70 N-hydroxy-6-(8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-71 N-hydroxy-7-(8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-72 N-hydroxy-7-(1H-indol-6-ylcarbonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-73 6-{[4-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)phenyl]sulfonyl}-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-75 6-(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-1-ylcarbonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-77 cyclobutyl 2-[(hydroxyamino)carbonyl]-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-6(5H)-carboxylate;

I-78 7-(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-1-ylcarbonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide; or

I-82 N 7 -biphenyl-4-yl-N 3 -hydroxy-5,8-dihydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3,7(6H)-dicarboxamide.

18. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is:

I-87 7-[(4-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)carbonyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-89 N-hydroxy-6-[(2R)-2-(methylamino)propanoyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-90 6-[3-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropanoyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-91 7-tert-butyl-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-94 N-hydroxy-6-(pyridin-2-ylcarbonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-96 7-[(5-cyano-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-97 N 6 -(4-tert-butylphenyl)-N 2 -hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-98 N-hydroxy-6-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-99 6-(benzylsulfonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-102 6-{3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]benzoyl}-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-105 7-(cyclopropylsulfonyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-107 N-hydroxy-7-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-6-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-108 N-hydroxy-7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-109 N-hydroxy-6-(2-pyrimidin-2-ylpropanoyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-112 6-{[1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]carbonyl}-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-113 7-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-117 N-hydroxy-6-(piperidin-4-ylcarbonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-118 N-hydroxy-6-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-119 N-hydroxy-6-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide; or

I-121 7-[(4-tert-butylphenyl)sulfonyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide.

19. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is:

I-123 N-hydroxy-7-[(4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-125 N-hydroxy-7-[(2R)-2-phenylpropanoyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-126 N 2 -hydroxy-N 6 -(5-phenyl-2-thienyl)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2,6(5H)-dicarboxamide;

I-128 N-hydroxy-7-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)sulfonyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-130 N-hydroxy-7-[phenyl(piperidin-4-yl)acetyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-131 N-hydroxy-7-(3-[(1-isopropyl-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbonyl]amino phenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-132 N-hydroxy-7-[(methylamino)acetyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-134 N-hydroxy-7-[3-(methylamino)propanoyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-135 N-hydroxy-7-[2-(3-piperidin-4-ylphenyl)ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-136 N-hydroxy-7-(2-piperidin-3-ylethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-137 7-(2-[(1,4-dimethylpiperidin-4-yl)carbonyl]amino pyridin-4-yl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-138 N-hydroxy-7-(pyrrolidin-2-ylcarbonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-139 7-[(dimethylamino)acetyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-140 N-hydroxy-6-(2-{[(1-isopropyl-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbonyl]amino}pyridin-4-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-141 7-[(2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl]-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-142 7-(2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide;

I-143 N-hydroxy-6-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-ylcarbonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide;

I-144 7-(2-{[(1-ethyl-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbonyl]amino}pyridin-4-yl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide; or

I-145 7-(4-{[(1-ethyl-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbonyl]amino}phenyl)-N-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide.