Driver circuit for dimmable solid state light source
View Patent ↗A driver circuit for a dimmable solid state light source, and devices such as lamps and fixtures incorporating the same, and methods of driving such sources, are provided. A supply voltage circuit provides a supply voltage to a power factor controller circuit, such that the supply voltage is maintained within the high end of a nominal supply voltage operating range of the power factor controller circuit. The driver may also include an open circuit protection circuit for disabling the power factor controller circuit when an open circuit occurs in the load, and/or protection against electromagnetic interference (EMI).
1. A driver circuit for a light emitting diode (LED)-based light source, comprising:
a rectifier circuit configured to receive an AC input voltage and provide an unregulated DC voltage;
a transformer having a primary winding coupled to the rectifier circuit, at least one secondary winding configured to be coupled to the LED-based light source, and a feedback winding;
a switch, the switch being configured to close for coupling a portion of the unregulated DC voltage across the primary winding and the switch being configured to open to transfer energy from the primary winding to the secondary winding to provide a DC output voltage to drive the LED-based light source;
a power factor controller circuit configured to provide an output signal to control the switch; and
a supply voltage circuit coupled to the feedback winding and configured to provide a supply voltage to the power factor controller circuit at the high end of a nominal supply voltage operating range of the power factor controller circuit.
2. The driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the supply voltage circuit comprises:
a first energy storage circuit coupled to the rectifier circuit to receive the unregulated DC voltage, wherein the first energy storage circuit includes a first energy storage element coupled to the power factor controller circuit to provide the supply voltage; and
a second energy storage circuit coupled to the feedback winding, wherein the second energy storage circuit includes a second energy storage element;
wherein current from the unregulated DC voltage charges the first energy storage element and wherein current through the feedback winding charges the second energy storage element and the first energy storage element.
3. The driver circuit of claim 2 , wherein the first energy storage element comprises a first capacitor and the second energy storage element comprises a second capacitor.
4. The driver circuit of claim 3 , wherein the first capacitor and the second capacitor are coupled in parallel.
5. The driver circuit of claim 1 , further comprising:
an output; and
an open circuit protection circuit coupled to the secondary winding and to the power factor controller circuit, the open circuit protection circuit configured to disable the power factor controller circuit when an open circuit occurs at the output.
6. The driver circuit of claim 5 , wherein the open circuit protection circuit optically couples the secondary winding to the power factor controller circuit.
7. The driver circuit of claim 5 , wherein the open circuit protection circuit comprises an optically isolated switch coupled to the power factor controller circuit and optically coupled to the secondary winding, the switch being configured to close when the open circuit occurs at the output.
8. The driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the secondary winding is capacitively coupled to the feedback winding, the capacitive coupling to provide electromagnetic interference (EMI) filtering.
9. A lamp assembly comprising:
a lamp housing;
an LED-based light source disposed within the lamp housing; and
a driver disposed within the lamp housing, the driver comprising:
a rectifier circuit configured to receive an AC input voltage and provide an unregulated DC voltage;
a transformer having a primary winding coupled to the rectifier circuit, at least one secondary winding configured to be coupled to the LED-based light source, and a feedback winding;
a switch, the switch being configured to close for coupling a portion of the unregulated DC voltage across the primary winding and the switch being configured to open to transfer energy from the primary winding to the secondary winding to provide a DC output voltage to drive the LED-based light source;
a power factor controller circuit configured to provide an output signal to control the switch; and
a supply voltage circuit coupled to the feedback winding and configured to provide a supply voltage to the power factor controller circuit at the high end of a nominal supply voltage operating range of the power factor controller circuit.
10. The lamp assembly of claim 9 , wherein the supply voltage circuit comprises:
a first energy storage circuit coupled to the rectifier circuit to receive the unregulated DC voltage, wherein the first energy storage circuit includes a first energy storage element coupled to the power factor controller circuit to provide the supply voltage; and
a second energy storage circuit coupled to the feedback winding, wherein the second energy storage circuit includes a second energy storage element;
wherein current from the unregulated DC voltage charges the first energy storage element and wherein current through the feedback winding charges the second energy storage element and the first energy storage element.
11. The lamp assembly of claim 10 , wherein the first energy storage element comprises a first capacitor and the second energy storage element comprises a second capacitor.
12. The lamp assembly of claim 11 , wherein the first capacitor and the second capacitor are coupled in parallel.
13. The lamp assembly of claim 9 , further comprising:
an output; and
an open circuit protection circuit coupled to the secondary winding and to the power factor controller circuit, the open circuit protection circuit configured to disable the power factor controller circuit when an open circuit occurs at the output.
14. The lamp assembly of claim 13 , wherein the open circuit protection circuit optically couples the secondary winding to the power factor controller circuit.
15. The lamp assembly of claim 13 , wherein the open circuit protection circuit comprises an optically isolated switch coupled to the power factor controller circuit and optically coupled to the secondary winding, the switch being configured to close when the open circuit occurs at the output.
16. The lamp assembly of claim 9 , wherein the secondary winding is capacitively coupled to the feedback winding, the capacitive coupling to provide electromagnetic interference (EMI) filtering.
17. A method of driving an LED-based light source, comprising:
receiving an AC input signal;
converting the AC input signal into a regulated DC output;
controlling a power factor of the regulated DC output using a power factor controller circuit;
providing a supply voltage to the power factor controller circuit at the high end of a nominal supply voltage operating range of the power factor controller circuit; and
coupling the regulated DC output to the LED-based light source.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein converting comprises:
operating a switch to energize a transformer having a primary winding, at least one secondary winding, and a feedback winding, wherein the primary winding is coupled to the rectifier circuit and the at least one secondary winding is configured to be coupled to the LED-based light source;
and wherein controlling comprises:
controlling the switch;
and wherein the method further comprises:
coupling an open circuit protection circuit to the secondary winding and to the power factor controller circuit to disable the power factor controller circuit when the LED-based light source fails in an open state.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein coupling an open circuit protection circuit comprises:
optically coupling the secondary winding to the power factor controller circuit.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:
capacitively coupling the secondary winding to the feedback winding.