Low cost process for manufacture of form-stable phase change material
The present invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing phase change material (PCM) pellets. The method includes providing a melt composition including paraffin and a polymer. The paraffin has a melt point between about 10° C. and about 50° C., and more preferably between about 18° C. and about 28° C. In one embodiment, the melt composition includes various additives, such as a flame retardant. The method further includes forming the melt composition into PCM pellets. The method further may include the step of cooling the melt to increase the melt viscosity before pelletizing.
1. A method for manufacturing phase change material (PCM) pellets comprising the steps of:
providing a melt composition consisting essentially of
a paraffin,
a polymer, and
optionally a thermal conductivity improver, a nucleating agent, an anti-oxidant, or a combination of any two or more thereof; and
forming the melt into PCM pellets in a pelletizer;
wherein
the paraffin is at least 60 wt % of the melt composition;
the polymer is uncrosslinked high density polyethylene (HDPE); and
the uncrosslinked HDPE has a melt flow index between about 0.1 g/10 min and about 20 g/10 min.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the paraffin has a melt point between about 10° C. and about 50° C.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the paraffin has a melt point between about 18° C. and about 28° C.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the paraffin has a heat of fusion between 100 and 240 J/g.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the paraffin includes n-octadecane.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the paraffin is produced by hydrodeoxygenation of lipids.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the melt is formed into PCM pellets in an underwater pelletizer.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the pelletizer water temperature is between the melting point of the paraffin and the melting point of the polymer.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the melt is formed into pellets in a strand pelletizer.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the strand pelletizer trough water temperature is between the melting point of paraffin and the melting point of the polymer.
11. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of:
cooling the melt to increase the melt viscosity to 4,000 cP or higher before pelletizing.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the typical size of the PCM pellets is between about 0.5 mm and about 2 mm.
13. The PCM pellets made by the method of claim 1 .
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the paraffin is from about 60 wt % to about 90 wt % of the melt composition.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleating agent is from about 0 wt % to about 10 wt %, the thermal conductivity improver is from about 0 wt % to about 2 wt %, the anti-oxidant is from about 0 wt % to about 0.1 wt %, or combinations of any two or more thereof.
16. A method comprising the steps of:
providing a melt composition consisting essentially of
a paraffin,
a polymer, and
optionally a thermal conductivity improver, a nucleating agent, an anti-oxidant, or a combination of any two or more thereof; and
forming the melt into phase change material (PCM) pellets in a pelletizer;
wherein
the paraffin is at least 60 wt % of the melt composition;
the paraffin has a melt point between about 18° C. and about 28° C.;
the polymer is uncrosslinked high density polyethylene (HDPE); and
the uncrosslinked HDPE has a melt flow index between about 0.1 g/10 min and about 20 g/10 min.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the paraffin has a heat of fusion between 100 and 240 J/g.
18. The method of claim 16 wherein the paraffin is produced by hydrodeoxygenation of lipids.
19. The PCM pellets of the method of claim 16 .
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the paraffin is from about 60 wt % to about 90 wt % of the melt composition.
21. The method of claim 16 , wherein the nucleating agent is from about 0 wt % to about 10 wt %, the thermal conductivity improver is from about 0 wt % to about 2 wt %, the anti-oxidant is from about 0 wt % to about 0.1 wt %, or combinations of any two or more thereof.