Apparatus and method for determining phase separation risk of a blended fuel in a storage tank

1. A method for handling a blended fuel in a storage tank, comprising:

obtaining a sample of the blended fuel from the storage tank;

determining whether the fuel in the storage tank has separated prior to determining a risk that the blended fuel in the storage tank will separate;

cooling the sample until the sample separates into phases; and

determining the risk that the blended fuel in the storage tank will separate based on the cooling step.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the sample of blended fuel further comprises:

initiating the flow of fuel into a test cavity; and

stopping the flow of fuel when a sufficient amount of fuel is disposed in the test cavity.

3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:

opening an inlet control value controlling the flow of fuel into the test cavity; and

closing an exit control valve for controlling the flow of fuel out of the test cavity.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein cooling the sample further comprises:

activating a heat transfer device configured to remove heat from the sample.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein activating the heat transfer device further comprises:

applying an electrical signal to a thermoelectric device.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the thermoelectric device is a Peltier device.

7. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:

removing heat from the heat transfer device.

8. A method for handling a blended fuel in a storage tank, comprising:

obtaining a sample of the blended fuel from the storage tank;

cooling the sample until the sample separates into phases including activating a heat transfer device configured to remove heat from the sample;

removing heat from the heat transfer device including circulating fuel so as to remove heat from the heat transfer device; and

determining a risk that the blended fuel in the storage tank will separate based on the cooling step.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein circulating fuel further comprises:

circulating fuel through a heat sink cavity in thermal communication with the heat transfer device.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether the fuel in the storage tank has separated further comprises:

measuring a fluid property of the sample; and

comparing the measured fluid property to a value of the fluid property corresponding to the unseparated blended fuel.

11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:

concluding that the fuel in the storage tank has not separated when the difference between the measured value and the value of the blended fuel is less than a threshold value, or alternatively concluding that the fuel in the storage tank has separated when the difference is greater than the threshold value.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether the fuel in the storage tank has separated further comprises:

measuring a fluid property of the fuel in the storage tank; and

comparing the measured fluid property to a value of the fluid property corresponding to the unseparated blended fuel.

13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising:

concluding that the fuel in the storage tank has not separated when the difference between the measured value and the value of the blended fuel is less than a threshold value, or alternatively concluding that the fuel in the storage tank has separated when the difference is greater than the threshold value.

14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining whether the sample has separated as the sample is being cooled.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein determining whether the sample has separated further comprises:

measuring a fluid property of the sample at a first location;

measuring the fluid property of the sample at a second location; and

comparing the measured fluid property values.

16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:

concluding that the sample has not separated when the difference between the measured values is less than a threshold value, or alternatively concluding that the sample has separated when the difference is greater than the threshold value.

17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining the temperature of the fuel in the storage tank.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein determining the temperature of the fuel in the storage tank further comprises:

determining the initial temperature of the sample prior to cooling the sample.

19. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining the temperature of the sample when the sample separates.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the risk that the fuel in the storage tank will separate further comprises:

defining a risk factor.

21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the risk factor is defined by a difference between the temperature of the fuel in the storage tank and the temperature of the sample when the sample separates.

22. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

sending an alert to an operator when the risk of phase separation reaches a threshold criteria.

23. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining the water content of the fuel in the storage tank.

24. The method of claim 23 , wherein determining the water content of the fuel in the storage tank further comprises:

determining the temperature of the sample when the sample separates; and

determining the water content of the sample using the saturation temperature.

25. The method of claim 24 , wherein determining the water content using the saturation temperature further comprises:

using a look up table that provides saturation curve information.

26. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining the risk that the fuel in the gas tank of a customer will separate.

27. The method of claim 26 , wherein determining the risk that fuel in the customer's gas tank will separate further comprises:

determining the temperature of the sample when the sample separates;

determining an environmental temperature; and

defining a risk factor by a difference between the environmental temperature and the temperature of the sample when the sample separates.

28. A method for handling a blended fuel in a storage tank, comprising:

obtaining a sample of the blended fuel from the storage tank;

determining whether the fuel in the storage tank has separated prior to determining the temperature of the sample when the sample separates;

determining the temperature of the fuel in the storage tank;

cooling the sample until the sample separates into phases;

determining whether the sample has separated as the sample is being cooled;

determining the temperature of the sample when the sample separates; and

determining a risk that the fuel in the storage tank will separate based on a difference between the temperature of the fuel in the storage tank and the temperature of the sample when it separates.

29. An apparatus for assessing the risk of phase separation of a blended fuel, comprising:

a test cavity for holding a sample of a blended fuel from a storage tank;

a heat transfer device for cooling the sample in the test cavity;

at least one sensor for indicating when the sample in the test cavity has separated; and

a controller operatively connected to the at least one sensor, the controller configured to determine whether the fuel in the storage tank has separated and, subsequently, to determine the risk of phase separation of the blended fuel within the storage tank based on when the sample in the test cavity has separated and send an alert to an operator of the risk of phase separation.

30. The apparatus of claim 29 , further comprising a temperature sensor associated with the test cavity.

31. The apparatus of claim 29 , further comprising:

a first control valve associated with the inlet to the test cavity; and

a second control valve associated with the outlet of the test cavity.

32. The apparatus of claim 29 ,

wherein the controller is operatively coupled to the test cavity and the heat transfer device.

33. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the at least one sensor includes a sensor adjacent a top of the test cavity and a sensor adjacent a bottom of the test cavity.

34. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the at least one sensor is configured to measure the electrical conductivity of the fuel.

35. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the heat transfer device is a Peltier device.

36. An apparatus for assessing the risk of phase separation of a blended fuel, comprising:

a test cavity for holding a sample of a blended fuel from a storage tank;

a heat transfer device for cooling the sample in the test cavity;

a heat sink cavity configured to circulate fuel for removing heat from the heat transfer device;

at least one sensor for indicating when the sample in the test cavity has separated; and

a controller operatively connected to the at least one sensor, the controller configured to determine the risk of phase separation of the blended fuel within the storage tank based on when the sample in the test cavity has separated and send an alert to an operator of the risk of phase separation.

37. The apparatus of claim 36 , further comprising:

a temperature sensor associated with the heat sink cavity.

38. A fuel dispensing system, comprising:

a storage tank containing a blended fuel;

a dispensing unit configured to dispense the blended fuel;

a conduit line between the storage tank and the dispensing unit for transporting the fuel; and

a phase separation monitoring device for providing information about the fuel in the storage tank relative to separation of the fuel, the phase separation monitoring device including:

a test cavity for holding a sample of a blended fuel from the storage tank;

a heat transfer device for cooling the sample in the test cavity;

at least one sensor for indicating when the sample in the test cavity has separated; and

a controller operatively connected to the at least one sensor, the controller configured to determine whether the fuel in the storage tank has separated and, subsequently, to determine the risk of phase separation of the blended fuel within the storage tank based on when the sample in the test cavity has separated and send an alert to an operator of the risk of phase separation.