Cyclic energetic nitramines desensitized with linear nitramines
View Patent ↗Propellant compositions containing cyclic nitramines that are susceptible to unintentional detonation are desensitized by the incorporation of a linear nitramine having a backbone containing one to three ethylene groups and one or two nitramine groups.
1. A low-sensitivity propellant formulation comprising a cyclic nitramine and a linear nitramine, wherein said linear nitramine is a solid energetic material having a melting point within a range of 50° C. to 150° C. and has the formula
wherein:
m is zero or 1;
n is 1 or 2;
R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, nitrato, azido, nitrato-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and azido-C 1 -C 6 alkyl; and
R 2 is a member selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, nitrato, azido, nitrato-(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) and azido-(C 1 -C 6 alkyl);
such that the total number of non-terminal CH 2 CH 2 groups is one, two, or three, and the total number of nitrato groups is one or two; and
wherein said cyclic nitramine has the formula
wherein:
R 2 is a member selected from the group consisting of CH 2 and N—R 4 in which R 4 is a member selected from the group consisting of NO 2 , NO, C(O)CH 3 , CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 OC 2 H 5 , H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, and cyclohexyl;
P is 1 or 2; and
when p is 1, R 3 is a member selected from the group consisting of NO 2 , NO, C(O)CH 3 , CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 OC 2 H 5 , H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, and cyclohexyl, and when p is 2, R 3 is C 1 -C 4 alkylene,
wherein said liner nitramine is N,N′-2,5-diethylethylene dinitramine.
2. A low-sensitivity propellant formulation comprising:
a cyclic nitramine and a linear nitramine, wherein said linear nitramine is a solid energetic material having a melting point within a range of 50° C. to 150° C. and has the formula
wherein:
m is zero or 1; n is 1 or 2;
R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, nitrato, and azido; and
R 2 is a member selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, nitrato, and azido,
such that the total number of non-terminal CH 2 CH 2 groups is one, two, or three, and the total number of nitrato groups is one or two; and
wherein said cyclic nitramine has the formula
wherein:
R 2 is a member selected from the group consisting of CH 2 and N—R 4 in which R 4 is a member selected from the group consisting of NO 2 , NO, C(O)CH 3 , CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 OC 2 H 5 , H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, and cyclohexyl;
P is 1 or 2; and
when p is 1, R 3 is a member selected from the group consisting of NO 2 , NO, C(O)CH 3 , CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 OC 2 H 5 H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, and cyclohexyl, and when p is 2, R 3 is C 1 -C 4 alkylene.