Method of making coated article having antibacterial and/or antifungal coating and resulting product
Techniques are provided for making a coated article including an antibacterial and/or antifungal coating. In certain example embodiments, the method includes providing a first sputtering target including Zr; providing a second sputtering target including Zn; and co-sputtering from at least the first and second sputtering targets in the presence of nitrogen to form a layer including Zn x Zr y N z on a glass substrate. These layers may be heat-treated or thermally tempered to form a single layer including Zn x Zr y O z . In other examples, two discrete layers of Zn and Zr may be formed. The coating may be heated or tempered to form a single layer including Zn x Zr y O z . Coated articles made using these methods may have antibacterial and/or antifungal properties.
1. A method of making a coated article, the method comprising:
providing a sputtering target comprising Zn and a sputtering target comprising Zr which are spaced apart from each other;
sputter-depositing a first layer comprising Zn, so that the first layer comprising Zn is in direct physical contact with a glass substrate, via the sputtering target comprising Zn;
sputter-depositing a second layer comprising Zr nitride over and directly physically contacting the first layer comprising Zn, so that the first layer comprising Zn is closer to the glass substrate than is the second layer comprising Zr nitride;
wherein the first layer comprising Zn is from about 20-50 Å thick, and the second layer comprising Zr nitride is from about 100-250 Å thick; and
heat treating the glass substrate with the first and second layers thereon to produce a heat treated coated article including a layer comprising Zn x Zr y O z , wherein the heat treating causes the first layer comprising Zn and the second layer comprising Zr nitride to transform into the layer comprising Zn x Zr y O z .
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first layer comprises ZnOx prior to heat treatment.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first layer comprises ZnOx and the second layer comprises ZrNy prior to heat treatment.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein
a ratio of a thickness of the first layer comprising Zn to that of the second layer comprising Zr nitride is at least about 1:6.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the ratio is at least about 1:4.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein after the heat treating an antimicrobial activity of the coated article (where antimicrobial activity=[log B/C], where B=number of viable bacteria at T=0 on an uncoated substrate and C=number of viable bacteria at T=24 hours on the coated article) is at least about 2.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the antimicrobial activity is at least about 3.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the antimicrobial activity is at least about 5.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the target comprising Zn is in a first deposition chamber and the target comprising Zr is in a second deposition chamber.
10. A method of making a coated article, the method comprising:
providing a first sputtering target comprising Zn;
providing a second sputtering target comprising Zr; and
sequentially sputtering from at least the first and second sputtering targets onto a glass substrate to form at least a first layer comprising Zn having a thickness of from about 20 to 50 Å, and a second layer comprising Zr located directly on and contacting the first layer comprising Zn and having a thickness of from about 100 to 250 Å, wherein the Zr is sputtered in the presence of nitrogen;
wherein the first layer comprising Zn is located directly on and directly physically contacts the glass substrate;
heat treating the glass substrate with said first and second layers thereon to form a layer comprising zinc zirconium oxide with antibacterial and/or antifungal properties which is an outermost layer of the coated article.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein an antimicrobial activity of the coated article (where antimicrobial activity=[log B/C], where B=number of viable bacteria at T=0 on an uncoated substrate and C=number of viable bacteria at T=24 hours on the coated article) is at least about 5.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first layer comprises ZnOx.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein a flow rate of nitrogen during at least part of the deposition of the second layer comprising Zr is at least about 15 sccm.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coated article has an improved scratch resistance.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the coated article has an improved scratch resistance such that visible scratching of the layer comprising Zn x Zr y O z by a ⅛ inch borosilicate sphere with up to a 20 pound load is prevented.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coated article has improved anti-fungal properties as compared to a coated article including only silver as an anti-fungal agent.
17. A method of making a coated article, the method comprising:
having a glass substrate supporting a coating, the coating including a first sputter-deposited layer comprising Zn and a second sputter-deposited layer comprising Zr nitride over and contacting the first layer comprising Zn, the second sputter-deposited layer comprising Zr nitride being sputter-deposited using a nitrogen gas flow rate of from 15-30 sccm, so that the first sputter-deposited layer comprising Zn is closer to the glass substrate than is the second sputter-deposited layer comprising Zr nitride, and wherein the first sputter-deposited layer comprising Zn is in direct physical contact with the glass substrate;
wherein the first sputter-deposited layer comprising Zn is from about 20-50 Å thick, and the second sputter-deposited layer comprising Zr nitride is from about 100-250 Å thick; and
heat treating the glass substrate with the first and second layers thereon to produce a heat treated coated article including a layer comprising Zn x Zr y O z , wherein the heat treating causes the first layer comprising Zn and the second layer comprising Zr nitride to transform into the layer comprising Zn x Zr y O z .
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein
the layer comprising Zn x Zr y O z further comprises copper.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein after the heat treating an antimicrobial activity of the coated article (where antimicrobial activity=[log B/C], where B=number of viable bacteria at T=0 on an uncoated substrate and C=number of viable bacteria at T=24 hours on the coated article) is at least about 3.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein a power from 1.6 to 3.6 kW is used in sputter-deposing the first layer comprising Zn, and a power from 1.5 to 3.5 kW is used in sputter-depositing the second layer comprising Zr.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second layer comprising Zr nitride is sputter-deposited including utilizing a nitrogen gas flow rate of from 15-30 sccm.