ANIMAL REPELLING DEICER
Deicing products designed to deter ungulates are provided, along with methods of using those products to treat iced surfaces. The deicing product comprises a mixture of a deicer along with an ungulate repellent. The repellent can repel based on conditioned avoidance, fear, chemical irritation, and/or bad taste. The deicer can be a salt or a deicer solution. The invention is useful for deterring any ungulate that might be attracted to a component of the deicing product (e.g., the salt), but it is particularly useful for deterring deer.
1 . A method of reducing ungulate from visiting an area, said method comprising:
providing a deicing product comprising a deicer and a repellent that is undesirable to said ungulate; and
introducing said deicing product to an area where ungulate congregation is undesirable.
2 . The method of claim 1 , said deicing product comprising a deicer selected from the group consisting of salts and deicing solutions.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein said deicer is selected from the group consisting of potassium succinate, sodium succinate, sodium formate, potassium formate, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, urea, and mixtures of the foregoing.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said ungulate is selected from the group consisting of deer, moose, elk, caribou, mountain goats, and bighorn sheep.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said area is a roadway, driveway, walkway, sidewalk, patio, porch, parking lot, or foot path.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said repellent repels said ungulate by a mechanism selected from the group consisting of undesirable taste, chemical irritation, fear, or a combination of the foregoing.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein said repellent is selected from the group consisting of thiram, predator odors, di(N-alkyl)sulfides, garlic, garlic juice, garlic oils, eggs, sodium of salts of mixed fatty acids, ammonium soaps of higher fatter acids, animal protein, capsaicin, isothiocyanate, denatonium benzoate, thymol, d-limonene, casein, Montok pepper, meat meal, red pepper, capsaicinoid products, castor oil, blood, blood meal, pepper, lithium chloride, scat, gland secretions, and mixtures of the foregoing.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said repellent is present in said deicing product at a level of from about 0.0001% by weight to about 10% by weight, based upon the total weight of the deicing product taken as 100% by weight.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein:
said deicer selected from the group consisting of salts and deicing solutions;
said repellent is selected from the group consisting of thiram, predator odors, di(N-alkyl)sulfides, garlic, garlic juice, garlic oils, eggs, sodium of salts of mixed fatty acids, ammonium soaps of higher fatter acids, animal protein, capsaicin, isothiocyanate, denatonium benzoate, thymol, d-limonene, casein, Montok pepper, meat meal, red pepper, capsaicinoid products, castor oil, blood, blood meal, pepper, lithium chloride, scat, gland secretions, and mixtures of the foregoing; and
said ungulate is selected from the group consisting of deer, moose, elk, caribou, mountain goats, and bighorn sheep.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein:
said deicer is selected from the group consisting of potassium succinate, sodium succinate, sodium formate, potassium formate, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, urea, and mixtures of the foregoing;
said repellent is selected from the group consisting of thiram, predator odors, di(N-alkyl)sulfides, garlic, garlic juice, garlic oils, eggs, sodium of salts of mixed fatty acids, ammonium soaps of higher fatter acids, animal protein, capsaicin, isothiocyanate, denatonium benzoate, thymol, d-limonene, casein, Montok pepper, meat meal, red pepper, capsaicinoid products, castor oil, blood, blood meal, pepper, lithium chloride, scat, gland secretions, and mixtures of the foregoing; and
said ungulate is selected from the group consisting of deer, moose, elk, caribou, mountain goats, and bighorn sheep.
11 . A deicing product comprising:
a deicer; and
a repellent that is undesirable to an ungulate, said repellent being selected from the group consisting of thiram, predator odors, di(N-alkyl)sulfides, garlic, garlic juice, garlic oils, eggs, sodium of salts of mixed fatty acids, ammonium soaps of higher fatter acids, animal protein, capsaicin, isothiocyanate, denatonium benzoate, thymol, d-limonene, casein, Montok pepper, meat meal, red pepper, capsaicinoid products, castor oil, blood, blood meal, pepper, lithium chloride, scat, gland secretions, and mixtures of the foregoing, said repellent being mixed with and/or coated on said deicer.
12 . The product of claim 11 , said deicing product comprising a deicer selected from the group consisting of salts and deicing solutions.
13 . The product of claim 12 , wherein said deicer is selected from the group consisting of potassium succinate, sodium succinate, sodium formate, potassium formate, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, urea, and mixtures of the foregoing.
14 . The product of claim 11 , wherein said repellent is present in said deicing product at a level of from about 0.0001% by weight to about 10% by weight, based upon the total weight of the deicing product taken as 100% by weight.
15 . The product of claim 11 , wherein said product consists essentially of said deicer and said repellent.
16 . The product of claim 15 , wherein said product consists of said deicer and said repellent.
17 . The combination of:
a surface from which ungulates are to be deterred; and
a deicing product on or adjacent said surface, said deicing product comprising a deicer and a repellent that is undesirable to said ungulate.
18 . The combination of claim 17 , wherein said surface is a roadway, driveway, walkway, sidewalk, patio, porch, parking lot, and foot path.
19 . The combination of claim 17 , said deicing product comprising a deicer selected from the group consisting of salts and deicing solutions.
20 . The combination of claim 19 , wherein said deicer is selected from the group consisting of potassium succinate, sodium succinate, sodium formate, potassium formate, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, urea, and mixtures of the foregoing.
21 . The combination of claim 17 , wherein said repellent is present in said deicing product at a level of from about 0.0001% by weight to about 10% by weight, based upon the total weight of the deicing product taken as 100% by weight.
21 . The combination of claim 17 , wherein said product consists essentially of said deicer and said repellent.
22 . The combination of claim 21 , wherein said product consists of said deicer and said repellent.