Stereo image widening system
View Patent ↗A stereo widening system and associated signal processing algorithms are described herein that can, in several embodiments, widen a stereo image with fewer processing resources than existing crosstalk cancellation systems. These system and algorithms can advantageously be implemented in a handheld device or other device with speakers placed close together, thereby improving the stereo effect produced with such devices at lower computational cost. However, the systems and algorithms described herein are not limited to handheld devices, but can more generally be implemented in any device with multiple speakers.
1. A method for virtually widening stereo audio signals played over a pair of loudspeakers, the method comprising:
receiving stereo audio signals, the stereo audio signals comprising a left audio signal and a right audio signal;
supplying the left audio signal to a left channel and the right audio signal to a right channel;
employing acoustic dipole principles to mitigate effects of crosstalk between a pair of loudspeakers and opposite ears of a listener, without employing any computationally-intensive head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) in an attempt to completely cancel the crosstalk, said employing comprising, by one or more processors:
approximating a first acoustic dipole by at least (a) inverting the left audio signal to produce a inverted left audio signal and (b) combining the inverted left audio signal with the right audio signal, and
approximating a second acoustic dipole by at least (a) inverting the right audio signal to produce a inverted right audio signal and (b) combining the inverted right audio signal with the left audio signal;
applying a single first inverse HRTF to the first acoustic dipole to produce a left filtered signal, the first inverse HRTF being applied in a first direct path of the left channel rather than a first crosstalk path from the left channel to the right channel;
applying a single second inverse HRTF function to the second acoustic dipole to produce a right filtered signal, the second inverse HRTF being applied in a second direct path of the right channel rather than a second crosstalk path from the right channel to the left channel, wherein the first and second inverse HRTFs provide an interaural intensity difference (IID) between the left and right filtered signals;
enhancing the left and right filtered signals using a processor, said enhancing comprising:
high-pass filtering the left filtered signal to produce a second left filtered signal, thereby reducing low frequency distortion in the left filtered signal, and
high-pass filtering the right filtered signal to produce a second right filtered signal, thereby reducing low frequency distortion in the right filtered signal; and
supplying the second left and right filtered signals for playback on the pair of loudspeakers to thereby provide a stereo image configured to be perceived by the listener to be wider than an actual distance between the left and right loudspeakers.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said approximating the first acoustic dipole further comprises applying a first delay to the left audio signal, and wherein said approximating the second acoustic dipole further comprises applying a second delay to the right audio signal, the first and second delays being selected so as to provide an interaural time delay (ITD).
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said enhancing further comprises performing dynamic range compression of one or both of the left and right audio signals to boost lower frequencies relatively more than higher frequencies, so as to avoid clipping higher frequencies.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said performing the dynamic range compression comprises applying a limiter to one or both of the left and right filtered signals.
5. A method for virtually widening stereo audio signals played over a pair of loudspeakers, the method comprising:
receiving stereo audio signals, the stereo audio signals comprising a left audio signal and a right audio signal;
supplying the left audio signal to a left channel and the right audio signal to a right channel;
employing acoustic dipole principles to mitigate effects of crosstalk between a pair of loudspeakers and opposite ears of a listener, without employing any computationally-intensive head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) in an attempt to completely cancel the crosstalk, said employing comprising, by one or more processors:
approximating a first acoustic dipole by at least (a) inverting the left audio signal to produce a inverted left audio signal and (b) combining the inverted left audio signal with the right audio signal, and
approximating a second acoustic dipole by at least (a) inverting the right audio signal to produce a inverted right audio signal and (b) combining the inverted right audio signal with the left audio signal;
applying a single first inverse HRTF to the first acoustic dipole to produce a left filtered signal, the first inverse HRTF being applied in a first direct path of the left channel rather than a first crosstalk path from the left channel to the right channel;
applying a single second inverse HRTF function to the second acoustic dipole to produce a right filtered signal, the second inverse HRTF being applied in a second direct path of the right channel rather than a second crosstalk path from the right channel to the left channel, wherein the first and second inverse HRTFs provide an interaural intensity difference (IID) between the left and right filtered signals;
enhancing the left and right filtered signals using a processor to produce enhanced left and right filtered signals, said enhancing comprising performing dynamic range compression of one or both of the left and right audio signals to boost lower frequencies relatively more than higher frequencies, so as to avoid clipping higher frequencies; and
supplying the enhanced left and right filtered signals for playback on the pair of loudspeakers to thereby provide a stereo image configured to be perceived by the listener to be wider than an actual distance between the left and right loudspeakers.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said enhancing further comprises:
high-pass filtering the enhanced left filtered signal to produce a second left filtered signal, thereby reducing low frequency distortion in the enhanced left filtered signal; and
high-pass filtering the enhanced right filtered signal to produce a second right filtered signal, thereby reducing low frequency distortion in the enhanced right filtered signal.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein said performing the dynamic range compression comprises applying a limiter to one or both of the enhanced left and right filtered signals.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein said approximating the first acoustic dipole further comprises applying a first delay to the left audio signal, and wherein said approximating the second acoustic dipole further comprises applying a second delay to the right audio signal, the first and second delays being selected so as to provide an interaural time delay (ITD).