Time-to-digital converter with built-in self test
View Patent ↗Apparatuses and methods related to time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are herein described. Generally, a time-to-digital converter is a device which measures a time period or time interval and outputs a digital value representing the measured time period. In an implementation, an apparatus is provided comprising a time-to-digital converter circuit, which further comprises a built-in self test (BIST). The built-in self test may be implemented using one or more oscillators coupled to the time-to-digital converter via one or more multiplexer devices.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a first terminal;
a second terminal;
a first multiplexer having a first input, a second input and an output;
a second multiplexer having a first input, a second input and an output;
a device having a first input, a second input, an output, a first oscillator, and a second oscillator, said device being configured to convert a time period to a digital value;
evaluation logic coupled to the output of said device;
wherein the first input of said first multiplexer is coupled with the first terminal, the second input of said first multiplexer is coupled with the output of said first oscillator, the output of said first multiplexer is coupled with the first input of said device; and
wherein the first input of said second multiplexer is coupled with the second terminal, the second input of said second multiplexer is coupled with the output of said second oscillator, and the output of said second multiplexer is coupled with the second input of said device.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said first oscillator and said second oscillator are free running oscillators.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said first oscillator is configured to output a signal with a first frequency and said second oscillator is configured to output a signal with a second frequency different from said first frequency.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein said second frequency differs from said first frequency by at most 20%.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to evaluate a histogram of output values of said device.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to acquire at least some bins of said histogram simultaneously.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to acquire at least some bins of said histogram one after the other.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one oscillator from the group consisting of said first oscillator and said second oscillator is a frequency variable oscillator.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a control, said control being coupled to at least one element from the group consisting of: said first oscillator, said second oscillator, said first multiplexer, said second multiplexer, and said evaluation logic.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an alignment detector coupled to the output of said first oscillator and the output of said second oscillator, and being configured to detect a predetermined phase difference between signals output by said first oscillator and said second oscillator.
11. An apparatus, comprising:
a device configured to convert a time period into a digital value, said device having a start input, a stop input and an output;
a first oscillator configured to generate a first signal with a first frequency;
a second oscillator configured to generate a second signal with a second frequency;
at least one multiplexer configured to selectively couple said first signal to the start input of said device and said second signal to the stop input of said device; and
evaluation logic configured to perform a test of said device based on output signals responsive to the first signal and the second signal being fed to said device, wherein said evaluation logic is coupled to the output of said device.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein said first oscillator and said second oscillator are free running oscillators.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to evaluate a histogram of output values of said device.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to acquire at least some bins of said histogram simultaneously.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to acquire at least some bins of said histogram one after the other.
16. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to detect in said histogram at least one event selected from the group consisting of a value occurring more often than average, a value occurring less often than average, and a missing value.
17. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to check whether respective expected values occur at said output of said device.
18. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to monitor the occurrence of at least one predetermined value at said output of said device.
19. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to measure an output value of said device a predetermined number of periods of said first signal and said second signal after said first signal and said second signal are aligned.
20. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein said evaluation logic is configured to measure a plurality of output values at a predetermined time from an alignment of said first signal and said second signal.
21. The apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising selection circuitry coupled between said first oscillator and said second oscillator and said device, and being configured to forward only every Lth event of said first signal, triggering a start of a time period measured by said device, and only every Lth event of said second signal, triggering a stop of said time period measured by said device, L being an integer number.
22. A method comprising:
generating a first oscillation with a first frequency;
generating a second oscillation with a second frequency different from said first frequency;
coupling said first oscillation and said second oscillation to a device configured to convert a time period into a digital value; and
evaluating a distribution of output values output by said device.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein said coupling comprises controlling multiplexers.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein said evaluating comprises acquiring a histogram.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein said evaluating comprises evaluating said histogram for at least one of missing values, values that occur more often than average, and values that occur less often than average.
26. The method of claim 24 , wherein acquiring said histogram comprises acquiring at least some bins of said histogram simultaneously.
27. The method of claim 24 , wherein acquiring said histogram comprises acquiring at least some bins of said histogram one after the other.
28. The method of claim 22 , further comprising varying a frequency of at least one oscillation of the group consisting of said first oscillation and said second oscillation.