Abrasive slurry and dressing bar for embedding abrasive particles into substrates
An abrasive polishing slurry including abrasive particles in a carrier fluid and micro-nano members. A system and method for making an abrasive article using the polishing slurry is also disclosed. The system includes a gimballed dressing bar adapted to provide a compressive force sufficient to embed the abrasive particles into the substrate, wherein the members set a height the embedded abrasive particles protrude above the substrate.
1. A system for making an abrasive article comprising:
abrasive particles in a carrier fluid;
micro-nano scale members;
a substrate; and
a gimballed dressing bar adapted to provide a compressive force sufficient to embed the abrasive particles into the substrate, wherein the micro-nano scale members set a height the embedded abrasive particles protrude above the substrate.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the dressing bar comprises at least one gas conduit adapted to deliver pressurized gas to one or more pressure ports positioned opposite the substrate, the pressurized gas maintaining a hydrostatic bearing between the dressing bar and the substrate while generating compressive forces sufficient to embed the abrasive particles into the surface.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein the dressing bar comprises one or more fluid bearing features adapted to generate a hydrodynamic fluid bearing during relative motion with the substrate.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein the substrate is one of flexible, rigid, or semi-rigid.
5. The system of claim 1 comprising an adhesive mixed with the carrier fluid.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein the micro-nano scale members comprise a film that acts as a carrier for the abrasive particles prior to being embedded in the substrate.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the micro-nano scale members comprise a reference surface that permits formation of a substantially uniform hydrodynamic or hydrostatic film relative to the height of the abrasive particles above the substrate.
8. A method of making an abrasive article comprising the steps of:
locating a slurry of abrasive particles, micro-nano members, and a carrier fluid between a substrate and a gimballed dressing bar; and
engaging the gimballed dressing bar with the slurry with sufficient force to embed the abrasive particles into the substrate until the abrasive particles protrude above the substrate a substantially uniform height corresponding to the thickness of the micro-nano scale members.
9. The method of claim 8 comprising the step of preparing the substrate with one of flat, concave, convex, curvilinear, spherical, or grooved surfaces.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of locating the micro-nano scale members on the substrate comprises one of spraying, coating, or printing.
11. The method of claim 8 comprising the step of compressing the micro-nano scale members during the step of embedding the abrasive particles into the substrate.
12. The method of claim 8 comprising the steps of:
adding an adhesive to the slurry; and
at least partially curing the adhesive to form a reference surface between the abrasive particles.
13. The method of claim 8 comprising forming a hydrostatic bearing, a hydrodynamic bearing, or a combination of hydrodynamic/hydrostatic bearings between the dressing bar and the substrate.
14. The method of claim 8 comprising the steps of engaging an array of gimballed dressing bars with the substrate during the step of embedding the abrasive particles into the substrate.
15. The method of claim 14 comprising arranging the array of dressing bars in a circular array, a rectangular array, an off-set pattern, or a random pattern.
16. A method of lapping a surface of a work piece comprising the steps of:
positioning an abrasive article made according to the method of claim 8 opposite the surface of the work piece;
engaging the surface of the work piece with the abrasive particles; and
moving the work piece relative to the abrasive article.