Golf ball having cross-core hardness differential and method for making it
View Patent ↗A golf ball core that includes a center point having a first hardness value and/or first specific gravity value, and a surface having a second hardness value and/or second specific gravity value. The first hardness value, or first specific gravity value, is different from the second hardness value, or second specific gravity value, respectively.
1. A golf ball, comprising:
a golf ball core comprising a center point having a first hardness value, and an outer surface having a second hardness value, different from the first hardness value, wherein a gradient in hardness value between the first hardness value and the second hardness value across a radius of the golf ball core occurs in discrete increments, and wherein regions of the golf ball core having discrete hardness values are arranged concentrically about the center point;
two or more intermediate layers enclosing the golf ball core, at least one of the intermediate layers comprising a block copolymer; and
a cover layer comprising a thermoset elastomer.
2. The golf ball according to claim 1 , wherein the golf ball core has a point, along a radius between the center point and the outer surface, that has a third hardness value, different in value from the first hardness value and the second hardness value.
3. The golf ball according to claim 2 , wherein the third hardness value is intermediate the first hardness value and the second hardness value, the third hardness value is greater than the first hardness value, or wherein the third hardness value is greater than both the first hardness value and the second hardness value.
4. The golf ball according to claim 1 , wherein the golf ball core comprises an unsaturated polymer and a peptizer, selected from the group consisting of pentachlorothiophenol, a metal salt of pentachlorothiophenol, a non-metal salt of pentachlorothiophenol, and dibenzamido diphenyldisulfide.
5. The golf ball according to claim 4 , wherein the golf ball core further comprises a cross-linking agent selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(benzoylperoxy)hexane, 1,4-bis-(t-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, t-butylperoxybenzoate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(t-butylperoxy)hexyne-3,1,1-bis-(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, di-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)peroxide, and mixtures thereof.
6. The golf ball according to claim 5 , wherein the cross-linking agent is a mixture of organic peroxides, with each organic peroxide having a different activation temperature.
7. The golf ball according to claim 1 , wherein the golf ball core further comprises a nanofiller intercalated with the matrix polymer or exfoliated with the matrix polymer.
8. The golf ball according to claim 7 , wherein the nanofiller is a clay selected from the group consisting of hydrotalcite, montmorillonite, phyllosilicate, saponite, hectorite, beidellite, stevensite, vermiculite, halloysite, mica, micafluoride, and ostosilicate.
9. The golf ball according to claim 1 , wherein one or more of the intermediate layers enclosing the golf ball core include a polymer selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic elastomer, thermoset elastomer, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic vulcanizate, copolymeric ionomer, terpolymeric ionomer, modified ionomer, polycarbonate, polyolefin, polyamide, copolymeric polyamide, polyesters, polyvinyl alcohols, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, polyarylate, polyacrylate, polyphenylene ether, impact-modified polyphenylene ether, high impact polystyrene, diallyl phthalate polymer, metallocene catalyzed polymers, functionalized styrenic copolymer, functionalized styrenic terpolymer, styrenic terpolymer, cellulose polymer, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurea, polysiloxane, and any metallocene-catalyzed polymers of these species.
10. The golf ball according to claim 1 , wherein one or more of the intermediate layers enclosing the golf ball core include a nanofiller clay selected from the group consisting of hydrotalcite, montmorillonite, phyllosilicate, saponite, hectorite, beidellite, stevensite, vermiculite, halloysite, mica, micafluoride, and ostosilicate and present in an amount between about 0.1% and about 20% by weight and said nanofiller is either intercalated or exfoliated within the polymer.
11. The golf ball according to claim 9 , wherein the modified ionomer is prepared by mixing:
an ionomeric polymer comprising ethylene, 5 to 25 weight percent (meth)acrylic acid, and 0 to 40 weight percent of a C 1 -C 8 (meth)acrylate monomer, where the ionomeric polymer is neutralized with metal ions selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, and mixtures thereof; and
one or more fatty acids, or metal salts of a fatty acid, where the metal is selected from the group consisting of calcium, sodium, zinc, lithium, barium, and magnesium.
12. The golf ball according to claim 11 where the fatty acid comprises a chain of saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups comprising from about 4 to about 75 carbon atoms and a —COOH terminal group.
13. The golf ball according to claim 11 where the fatty acid is stearic acid (C 18 , i.e., CH 3 (CH 2 ) 16 COOH), palmitic acid (C 16 , i.e., CH 3 (CH 2 ) 14 COOH), pelargonic acid (C 9 , i.e., CH 3 (CH 2 ) 7 COOH), lauric acid (C 12 , i.e., CH 3 (CH 2 ) 10 COOH) or oleic acid (CH 3 (CH 2 ) 7 CH:CH(CH 2 ) 7 COOH).
14. The golf ball according to claim 11 where the fatty acid, or metal salt of the fatty acid, is present in the modified ionomeric polymer in an amount ranging from about 5 to about 45 weight percent based on the total weight of the modified ionomeric polymer.
15. The golf ball according to claim 9 where the modified ionomer comprises:
a high molecular weight component having a molecular weight of from about 80,000 to about 500,000, and including one or more ethylene/α,β-ethylenically unsaturated C 3-8 carboxylic acid copolymers, and/or one or more ethylene, alkyl(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid terpolymers, the high molecular weight component being partially neutralized with metal ions selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, and mixtures thereof;
a low molecular weight component having a molecular weight of from about 2,000 to about 30,000, and including one or more ethylene/α,β-ethylenically unsaturated C 3-8 carboxylic acid copolymers and/or one or more ethylene, alkyl(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid terpolymers, the low molecular weight component being partially neutralized with metal ions selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, and mixtures thereof; and
from about 5 to about 45 weight percent, based on the total weight of the modified ionomer, of one or more fatty acids, or metal salts of a fatty acid, where the metal is selected from the group consisting of calcium, sodium, zinc, lithium, barium, and magnesium.
16. The golf ball according to claim 1 where the block copolymer is a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer or a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer.
17. The golf ball according to claim 1 where the block copolymer comprises a polybutadiene block containing an epoxy group, or a polyisoprene block containing an epoxy group.
18. The golf ball according to claim 1 comprising a 5-piece golf ball.
19. The golf ball according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoset elastomer is a thermoset polyurea.
20. A method for forming a golf ball, comprising:
providing a material that includes an unsaturated polymer and a peptizer;
processing the material into a golf ball core that has a center point and an outer surface, the center point having a first hardness value and the outer surface having a second hardness value different from the first hardness value, thereby providing a gradient in hardness value that occurs in discrete increments across a radius of the golf ball core, the golf ball core further having golf ball core regions having discrete hardness values that are arranged concentrically about the center point;
forming two or more intermediate layers that enclose the core, at least one of the intermediate layers comprising a block copolymer; and
forming a cover layer that encloses the outermost intermediate layer, the cover layer comprising a thermoset elastomer.