Using planning to control demand response and supply choices in a managed electrical system
View Patent ↗One embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-management system for managing energy within a predominantly closed power system. The system includes an identifying mechanism configured to identify a number of components coupled to the energy-management system, a receiving mechanism configured to receive current status information of the components, an evaluating mechanism configured to evaluate future energy need, a planning mechanism configured to plan future energy activities based on the energy need and the current status information, and a controlling mechanism configured to control operations of the components based on the planned energy activities.
1. A method for managing energy within a closed power system, comprising:
identifying a number of components within the closed power system coupled to an energy-management system, wherein the components include at least an energy supply and a load;
receiving current status information of the components;
evaluating a future energy need over a finite time horizon;
computing, for the finite time horizon, a cost function which includes an energy-generation cost associated with the energy supply and a disutility associated with the load;
calculating, for the finite time horizon, a deficit accumulated by the load during one or more demand response processes;
planning future energy activities based on the energy need and the current status information to minimize the cost function, over the finite time horizon, subject to a constraint for reducing the deficit to zero by end of the time horizon; and
controlling operations of the components based on the planned energy activities.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy activities include modifications of energy generation and/or energy consumption.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the modifications include one or more of:
starting or stopping of energy sources;
charging or discharging of energy storage devices; and
demand response.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein evaluating the future energy need involves computing a performance model for a component.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the performance model is computed by a driver associated with the component.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the performance model includes one or more variables corresponding to: power, cost, and/or deficit.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein planning future energy activities involves implementing a model predictive control (MPC) scheme.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein implementing the MPC scheme involves using an A* search algorithm or a mixed integer program (MIP) solver.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein implementing the MPC scheme involves using an “anytime” algorithm, thereby allowing an optimization problem defined by the MPC scheme to be solved within a predetermined amount of time.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the closed power system is one of:
a power system of an aircraft;
a power system of a ship;
a power system for a remote base; and
a micro grid.
11. An energy-management system for managing energy within a predominantly closed power system, comprising:
an identifying mechanism configured to identify a number of components coupled to the energy-management system, wherein the components include at least an energy supply and a load;
a receiving mechanism configured to receive current status information of the components;
an evaluating mechanism configured to evaluate future energy need over a finite time horizon;
a cost-function-computation mechanism configured to compute, for the finite time horizon, a cost function which includes an energy-generation cost associated with the energy supply and a disutility associated with the load;
a calculation mechanism configured to calculate, for the finite time horizon, a deficit accumulated by the load during one or more demand response processes;
a planning mechanism configured to plan future energy activities based on the energy need and the current status information; wherein while planning the future energy activities, the planning mechanism is further configured to minimize the cost function, over the finite time horizon, subject to a constraint for reducing the deficit to zero by end of the time horizon; and
a controlling mechanism configured to control operations of the components based on the planned energy activities.
12. The energy-management system of claim 11 , wherein the energy activities include modifications of energy generation and/or energy consumption.
13. The energy-management system of claim 12 , wherein the modifications include one or more of:
starting or stopping of energy sources;
charging or discharging of energy storage devices; and
demand response.
14. The energy-management system of claim 11 , wherein the evaluating mechanism is configured to compute a performance model for a component.
15. The energy-management system of claim 14 , wherein the evaluating mechanism comprises a driver associated with the component configured to compute the performance model.
16. The energy-management system of claim 14 , wherein the performance model includes one or more variables corresponding to: power, cost, and/or deficit.
17. The energy-management system of claim 11 , wherein the planning mechanism is further configured to
implement a model predictive control (MPC) scheme.
18. The energy-management system of claim 17 , wherein while implementing the MPC scheme, the planning mechanism is further configured to use an A* search algorithm or a mixed integer program (MIP) solver.
19. The energy-management system of claim 17 , wherein while implementing the MPC scheme, the planning mechanism is further configured to use an “anytime” algorithm, thereby allowing an optimization problem defined by the MPC scheme to be solved within a predetermined amount of time.
20. The energy-management system of claim 11 , wherein the closed power system is one of:
a power system of an aircraft;
a power system of a ship;
a power system for a remote base; and
a micro grid.
21. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method for managing energy within a predominantly closed power system, the method comprising:
identifying a number of components coupled to an energy-management system, wherein the components include at least an energy supply and a load;
receiving current status information of the components;
evaluating a future energy need over a finite time horizon;
computing, for the finite time horizon, a cost function which includes an energy-generation cost associated with the energy supply and a disutility associated with the load;
calculating, for the finite time horizon, a deficit accumulated by the load during one or more demand response processes;
planning future energy activities based on the energy need and the current status information to minimize the cost function, over the finite time horizon, subject to a constraint for reducing the deficit to zero by end of the time horizon; and
controlling operations of the components based on the planned energy activities.