Thermal switch using moving droplets
View Patent ↗A thermal switch has a first substrate, a thermally conductive region on the first substrate, a thermally insulative region on the first substrate adjacent the thermally conductive region, a second substrate arranged adjacent the first substrate, a droplet of thermally conductive liquid between the first and second substrate adjacent the thermally conductive region and the thermally insulative region, and an actuator arranged on one of the first or second substrates to cause the droplet to move between the thermally conductive region and the thermally insulative region on the first substrate.
1. A thermal switch, comprising:
a first substrate;
a thermally conductive region on the first substrate;
a thermally insulative region on the first substrate adjacent the thermally conductive region;
a second substrate arranged adjacent the first substrate;
at least two spacers between the first and second substrates to separate the substrates, the spacers located with the thermally insulative and the thermally conductive regions between the spacers;
a droplet of electrically and thermally conductive liquid between the first and second substrates adjacent one of either the thermally conductive region and the thermally insulative region; and
at least two electrodes arranged together on the second substrate to generate electrostatic forces that cause the droplet to move between the thermally conductive region and the thermally insulative region on the first substrate wherein a dielectric coating separates the electrodes from the droplet.
2. The thermal switch of claim 1 , wherein the spacers further comprises one of a photopatternable epoxy, Kapton, or SU-8.
3. The thermal switch of claim 1 , wherein the thermal switch comprises one thermal switch in an array of thermal switches.
4. The thermal switch of claim 1 , further comprising a controller in communication with the electrodes such that the controller can control the voltage of the electrodes.
5. The thermal switch of claim 1 , wherein the thermally conductive region comprises a region of copper and the thermally insulative region comprises one of glass or a polymer.
6. The thermal switch of claim 1 , wherein the thermally insulative region comprises a gas-filled cavity covered with a membrane.
7. The thermal switch of claim 1 , wherein the droplet of thermally conductive liquid comprises one of solution with salt or a metallic liquid.
8. The thermal switch of claim 7 , wherein the droplet comprises a metallic liquid selected from mercury, indium-gallium alloy, and gallium.
9. The thermal switch of claim 1 , wherein the at least two electrodes comprise a first electrode arranged opposite the thermally conductive region and a second electrode arranged opposite the thermally insulative region.
10. The thermal switch of claim 9 , wherein the first substrate has a conductive coating on a surface of the first substrate in contact with the conductive liquid.
11. The thermal switch of claim 9 , wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises an array of electrodes.
12. The thermal switch of claim 1 , wherein the first substrate comprises a metal plate having at least one groove filled with one of either a gas or a polymer to form the thermally insulative region.