Electrophoretic display fluid

1. A display device comprising a plurality of display cells, wherein each of said display cells is filled with an electrophoretic display fluid, which electrophoretic display fluid

A. comprises (i) a white non-mobile or semi-mobile phase, (ii) a first type of charged pigment particles which are black, (iii) a second type of charged pigment particles which are colored and transparent or opaque, and (iv) a solvent or solvent mixture; wherein said non-mobile or semi-mobile phase and the two types of charged pigment particles are dispersed in the solvent or solvent mixture, and the two types of charged pigment particles are oppositely charged, and

B is sandwiched between a common electrode which is on the viewing side and at least two pixel electrodes,

whereby a black color is displayed when the first type of charged pigment particles is driven to the common electrode, a color of the colored and transparent or opaque charged pigment particles is displayed when the second type of charged pigment particles is driven to the common electrode, and a white color is displayed when the first and the second types of charged pigment particles are driven to separate pixel electrodes.

2. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the non-mobile or semi-mobile phase is formed by dispersing droplets of a non-polar solvent in a polar solvent.

3. The display device of claim 1 , wherein said non-mobile or semi-mobile phase is a polymeric porous matrix.

4. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the colored and transparent or opaque pigment particles are red, green or blue, and the solvent or solvent mixture is clear and colorless.

5. The display device of claim 1 , wherein said display cells are microcup-based.

6. The display device of claim 1 , wherein said display cells are microcapsule-based.

7. The display device of claim 1 , wherein three display cells form a pixel wherein the three display cells are filled with the display fluid comprising red transparent or opaque, green transparent or opaque and blue transparent or opaque pigment particles, respectively.

8. The display device of claim 1 , wherein said non-mobile or semi-mobile phase comprises white non-mobile or semi-mobile pigment particles.

9. The display device of claim 8 , wherein the concentration of the non-mobile or semi-mobile pigment particles is in the range of about 10% to about 40% of the fluid.

10. The display device of claim 8 , wherein the concentration of each of the two types of the charged particles is in the range of about 1% to about 10% of the fluid.

11. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the second type of charged pigment particles are transparent colored particles.

12. The display device of claim 11 , wherein the transparent colored particles are formed from a pigment which has a refractive index closely matched to that of the solvent or solvent mixture.

13. The display device of claim 11 , wherein the transparent colored particles are polymeric beads stained with a dye.

14. The display device of claim 13 , wherein the polymeric beads are formed from polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate (acrylic), or polystyrene.

15. The display device of claim 11 , wherein the transparent colored particles are polymeric beads with a dye dissolved therein.

16. The display device of claim 15 , wherein the polymeric beads are formed from polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate (acrylic), or polystyrene.