Compositions having HASE rheology modifiers
View Patent ↗A monomer compound that contains at least one polymerizable functional group per molecule, and at least one bicycloheptyl-, bicycloheptenyl-, or branched (C 5 -C 42 )alkyl-polyether radical per molecule, wherein the bicycloheptyl- or bicycloheptenyl-polyether radical may optionally be substituted on one or more of the ring carbon atoms by one or two (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl groups per ring carbon atom is useful in making polymers, particularly pH responsive polymers.
1. An aqueous emulsion, comprising:
a) a latex polymer,
b) an effective amount of a pH responsive polymer comprising, based on the total weight of monomeric units,
(a) from about 25 to about 70 percent by weight acid monomeric units, each independently comprising a carboxylic acid-functional substituent group,
(b) from about 30 to about 70 percent by weight nonionic monomeric units, each independently comprising a nonionic substituent group, and
(c) from about 0.05 to about 20 percent by weight hydrophobic monomeric units,
wherein the hydrophobic monomeric units are derived from a monomer according to structure (VI):
wherein:
R 3 is H or CH 3 ,
R 4 is CH 3 ,
M is an integer from about 10 to about 40; and
N is an integer from 1 to M,
c) an emulsifier, and
d) water.
2. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion is a latex paint.
3. A method for thickening an aqueous emulsion, which comprises adjusting the pH of the aqueous emulsion of claim 1 to about 6.5 to about 11 to thicken the aqueous emulsion.
4. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acid monomeric units comprise monomeric units derived from a monomer selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and combinations thereof.
5. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the nonionic monomeric units comprise monomeric units derived from a monomer selected from ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, styrene, vinyltoluene, t-butylstyrene, isopropylstyrene, and p-chlorostyrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl caprolate; acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, butadiene, isoprene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, and combinations thereof.
6. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic monomeric units are derived from the monomer according to structure (VI)
wherein
M is an integer from about 25 to about 40.
7. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the pH responsive polymer is present in an amount of from 0.05 to 5.0 weight percent of the emulsion.
8. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the latex polymer is a synthetic latex polymer that comprises an emulsion copolymers of monoethylenically unsaturated compounds with a conjugated diolefin.
9. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the emulsifier comprises an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant.
10. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein N is an integer having a value of 5 to M.
11. The emulsion of claim 6 , wherein N is an integer having a value of 5 to M.
12. The emulsion of claim 1 ,
wherein said acid monomeric units (a), each independently comprising a carboxylic acid-functional substituent group, are at least one C 3 -C 8 alpha beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the structure (II):
RCH═C(R′)COOH (II)
wherein R is H, CH 3 , or —CH 2 COOX; and wherein if R is H, then R′ is H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or —CH 2 COOX; if R is —CH 2 C(O)OX, then R′ is H or —CH 2 C(O)OX; or if R is CH 3 , then R′ is H; and X, if present, is H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
wherein said nonionic monomeric units (b), each independently comprising a nonionic substituent group are selected from at least one copolymerizable non-ionic C 2 -C 12 alpha beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the structure (III):
H 2 C═CYZ (III)
wherein Y is H, CH 3 , or Cl; Z is CN, Cl, —COOR′, —C 6 H 4 R′, —COOR″, or —HC═CH 2 ; and wherein R is C 1 -C 8 alkyl or C 2 -C 8 hydroxy alkyl; and wherein R′ is H, Cl, Br, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and R″ is C 1 -C 8 alkyl.
13. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the pH responsive polymer comprises from about 30 to about 65 percent by weight acid monomeric units, from about 35 to about 70 percent by weight nonionic monomeric units, and from about 1 to about 15 percent by weight hydrophobic monomeric units.
14. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the pH responsive polymer comprises from about 30 to about 60, percent by weight acid monomeric units, from about 40 to about 60 percent by weight nonionic monomeric units, and from about 2 to about 10 percent by weight hydrophobic monomeric units.
15. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the acid monomeric units are methacrylic acid and the nonionic monomer units are 2-ethylhexylacrylate.