METHODS OF DETERMINING THE PRESENCE AND/OR CONCENTRATION OF AN ANALYTE IN A SAMPLE
Compositions, methods, and systems for monitoring analyte levels are provided herein. The disclosure provides methods and systems for the real-time monitoring of analytes, such as citrate, calcium, phosphate and magnesium, in a biological fluid in a clinical setting.
1 . A method comprising:
providing an analyte;
providing an analyte receptor and an indicator, wherein at least a portion of the analyte receptor and the indicator form a receptor/indicator complex;
contacting the receptor/indicator complex with the analyte; and
allowing the analyte to interact with the receptor/indicator complex so as to generate a detectable signal.
2 . The method of claim 1 wherein the analyte is present in a biological fluid.
3 . The method of claim 2 further comprising monitoring a concentration level of the analyte present in the biological fluid.
4 . The method of claim 2 wherein the biological fluid comprises an extracorporeal blood circuit effluent fluid produced on a hemofilter or a dialyzer device with hemofiltration or dialysis or any combination of these two processes.
5 . The method of claim 1 further comprising detecting the detectable signal by using a Flow Injection Analysis instrument.
6 . The method of claim 1 further comprising correlating the detectable signal with a calibration curve to determine a concentration of the analyte.
7 . The method of claim 1 wherein the analyte is selected from the group consisting of:
ionized calcium, citrate, phosphate, magnesium, and combinations thereof.
8 . The method of claim 1 wherein allowing the analyte to interact with the receptor/indicator complex comprises allowing the analyte to displace at least a portion of the indicator in the receptor/indicator complex to form a receptor/analyte complex.
9 . The method of claim 1 wherein allowing the analyte to interact with the receptor/indicator complex comprises allowing the analyte to bind to the receptor/indicator complex.
10 . The method of claim 1 wherein the indicator comprises at least one indicator selected from the group consisting of: a chromophore, a fluorophore, alizarin complexone, 5-carboxyfluorescein, pyrocatechol violet, xylenol orange, and combinations thereof.
11 . The method of claim 1 wherein the analyte receptor is Fura-2 or
12 . The method of claim 1 further comprising using a mathematical treatment to extrapolate the concentration of the analyte.
13 . The method of claim 12 wherein the mathematical treatment comprises an artificial neural network (ANN).
14 . A system comprising:
a receptor/indicator complex comprising an analyte receptor and an indicator; and
an analyte, wherein the analyte will displace the indicator in the receptor/indicator complex; and wherein the displaced indicator will generate a detectable signal.
15 . The system of claim 14 wherein the analyte is present in a biological fluid.
16 . The system of claim 14 wherein the analyte is present in a biological fluid, and wherein the biological fluid is an extracorporeal blood circuit effluent fluid produced on a hemofilter or dialyzer device with hemofiltration or dialysis or any combination of these two processes.
17 . The system of claim 14 further comprising a Flow Injection Analysis instrument.
18 . The system of claim 14 wherein the analyte is selected from the group consisting of:
ionized calcium, citrate, phosphate, magnesium, and combinations thereof.
19 . The system of claim 14 wherein the indicator comprises at least one indicator selected from the group consisting of: a chromophore, a fluorophore, alizarin complexone, 5-carboxyfluorescein, pyrocatechol violet, xylenol orange, and combinations thereof.
20 . The system of claim 14 wherein the analyte receptor is Fura-2 or
21 . The system of claim 14 further comprising one or more of a computer, a wireless network, a hemodialyzer, a plasma flow sensor, a detector, a UV-Vis spectro-photometer, a flow cell, a syringe pump, a multiposition valve, and a peristaltic pump.