Manufacturing nanocomposites
View Patent ↗Techniques for preparing PNCs are provided. In one embodiment, a polymer extruding device may include a barrel configured to accommodate a composite material, a shaft rotatably disposed in the barrel, and a motor coupled to the shaft and configured to rotate the shaft, thereby moving the composite material. The polymer extruding device may further include a die including one or more injectors configured to inject nano particles into the die to cause shear stress to be exerted to the composite material, thereby forming a layer of the nano particles on a surface of the composite material.
1. A method of manufacturing a nanocomposite comprising:
receiving raw materials into a barrel;
heating the barrel effective to melt the raw materials into molten raw materials;
displacing the molten raw materials in the barrel into a die;
displacing the molten raw materials through the die from a first end of the die to a second end of the die;
coating nano particles onto the outermost surface of the molten raw material displacing through the die effective to form a molten nanocomposite comprising the molten raw materials and a layer of the nano particles on the outermost surface of the molten raw materials; and
cooling the molten nanocomposite.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving the raw materials comprises mixing colorants and UV inhibitors with the raw materials.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein heating the barrel comprises heating the barrel to a predetermined temperature greater than about 200° C.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein heating the barrel further comprises heating the barrel effective to gradually increase the temperature of the barrel from a proximal zone of the barrel to a distal zone of the barrel.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein displacing the molten raw materials into the die comprises rotating the barrel at a rotation rate greater than about 100 rpm.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising passing the molten raw materials through a screen pack effective to remove contaminants from the molten raw materials.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising aligning the nano particles in a displacement direction on the outermost surface of the molten nanocomposite.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising injecting an additional substance onto the molten raw materials displacing through the die to facilitate coupling of the nano particles to the outermost surface of the molten raw materials.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the additional substance is selected according to chemical or physiochemical features of the nano particles and the molten raw materials.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the raw materials comprise one or more thermoplastic polymers.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising injecting a die-releasing agent onto the molten raw materials displacing through the die to facilitate release of the nano particles from an inner wall of the die.
12. A method of manufacturing a nanocomposite comprising:
displacing molten raw materials through a die having a lumen; and
coating nano particles on the outermost surface of the molten raw materials effective to form a molten nanocomposite comprising the molten raw materials and a layer of the nano particles on the outermost surface of the molten raw materials, wherein the nanoparticles are applied in the die while the molten raw materials displace through the lumen.
13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising cooling the molten nanocomposite.
14. The method of claim 12 , further comprising heating raw materials effective to form the molten raw materials having a temperature of at least about 200° C.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the raw materials comprise one or more thermoplastic polymers.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the raw materials comprise polypropylene or a copolymer thereof.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the nano particles are elongated particles having an aspect ratio of about 10 or more.
18. The method of claim 12 , wherein the nano particles comprise carbon nanotubes or carbon nanowires.
19. A method of manufacturing a nanocomposite comprising:
receiving raw materials into a barrel;
heating the barrel effective to melt the raw materials into molten raw materials;
displacing the molten raw materials through the barrel to a lumen fluidly coupled to the barrel;
injecting nano particles into the lumen effective to form a molten nanocomposite comprising the molten raw materials and a layer of the nano particles on the outermost surface of the molten raw materials; and
displacing the molten nanocomposite through a portion of the lumen effective to align the nano particles in the layer on the outermost surface of the molten raw materials in a direction of displacement of the nanocomposite.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the nano particles are elongated particles having an aspect ratio of about 10 or more.