Polycarbonate nanocomposites
Nanocomposites comprising a sulfonated telechelic polycarbonate and an organically modified clay are disclosed. The polycarbonate nanocomposites have improved physical and mechanical properties.
1. A nanocomposite comprising:
at least one sulfonated telechelic polycarbonate; and
at least one organically modified clay;
wherein the sulfonated telechelic polycarbonate comprises sulfonate end groups and structural units derived from at least one dihydroxy compound and at least one diaryl carbonate ester; and
wherein the sulfonated telechelic polycarbonate comprises at least 70 mole percent of sulfonate end groups, with respect to the total end groups present.
2. The nanocomposite of claim 1 , wherein the organically modified clay is exfoliated.
3. The nanocomposite of claim 1 , wherein the organically modified clay is present in the nanocomposite in the amount of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, based on the total weight of the nanocomposite.
4. The nanocomposite of claim 1 , wherein the organically modified clay is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, mica, vermiculite, bentonite, nontronite, beidellite, volkonskoite, saponite, magadite, and kenyaite.
5. The nanocomposite of claim 1 , wherein the organically modified clay is montmorillonite or bentonite.
6. The nanocomposite of claim 1 , wherein the organically modified clay is modified with a functionalizing agent selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl ammonium salts, polyalkyl aminopyridinium salts, polyalkyl guanidinium salts, polyalkyl imidazolium salts, polyalkyl benzimidazolium salts, phosphonium salts, sulfonium salts, and mixtures thereof.
7. The nanocomposite of claim 6 , wherein the functionalizing agent is a polyalkyl imidazolium salt or a polyalkyl benzimidazolium salt.
8. A nanocomposite comprising:
at least one sulfonated telechelic polycarbonate; and
at least one organically modified clay;
wherein the sulfonated telechelic polycarbonate comprises sulfonate end groups and structural units derived from at least one dihydroxy compound and at least one diaryl carbonate ester;
wherein the sulfonated telechelic polycarbonate comprises at least 70 mole percent of sulfonate end groups, with respect to the total end groups present; and
wherein the polycarbonate has a weight average molecular weight of greater than 30,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography versus polystyrene standards.
9. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the organically modified clay is exfoliated.
10. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the organically modified clay is present in the nanocomposite in the amount of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, based on the total weight of the nanocomposite.
11. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the organically modified clay is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, mica, vermiculite, bentonite, nontronite, beidellite, volkonskoite, saponite, magadite, and kenyaite.
12. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the organically modified clay is montmorillonite or bentonite.
13. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the organically modified clay is modified with a functionalizing agent selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl ammonium salts, polyalkyl aminopyridinium salts, polyalkyl guanidinium salts, polyalkyl imidazolium salts, polyalkyl benzimidazolium salts, phosphonium salts, sulfonium salts, and mixtures thereof.
14. The nanocomposite of claim 13 , wherein the functionalizing agent is a polyalkyl imidazolium salt or a polyalkyl benzimidazolium salt.
15. The nanocomposite of claim 1 , wherein the polycarbonate is a polycarbonate copolymer.
16. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the polycarbonate is a polycarbonate copolymer.
17. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the organically modified clay is present in the nanocomposite in an amount of from about 1 weight percent to about 7 weight percent, based on the total weight of the nanocomposite.
18. The nanocomposite of claim 8 , wherein the organically modified clay is present in the nanocomposite in an amount of from about 2 weight percent to about 5 weight percent, based on the total weight of the nanocomposite.