Device and method of producing ball joint
A ball joint 10 includes a first member 12 having a ball section 14 and a second member 15 having a socket 16 . Ball section 14 is accommodated and supported inside socket 16 . A pair of dies 20, 30 sandwich a wall 18 surrounding an opening 17 of the socket 16 , and are configured to approach each other gradually, utilizing small repetitive vibrations that include an approaching and separating action, thereby intermittently pressing the wall in an inward radial direction. During each interval of the intermittent pressing action, a supporting and rotating device 40 rotates socket 16 (second member 15 ) in small increments about a central axis C 2 of socket 16 . Consequently, dies 20 and 30 successively press against a multitude of points on the circumference of the outer surface of wall 18 of the socket, thereby bending wall 18 inward so as to reduce the diameter thereof.
1. A die for manufacturing a ball joint having a ball accommodated inside a socket that includes a wall having an outer surface, the die comprising:
a concave surface-shaped pressing surface which abuts against the outer surface of the wall of the socket and presses the wall in an oblique direction having an inward radial direction component and a rearward axial direction component;
wherein:
the die is used to reduce a diameter of the wall of the socket by repeated and intermittent pressing in an inward radial direction against the outer surface of the wall of the socket;
the pressing surface has a first subsidiary pressing surface and a second subsidiary pressing surface;
each subsidiary pressing surface has a substantially spherical shape characterized by a radius and a center of curvature; and
at least one of the radius and the center of curvature of the first subsidiary pressing surface differs from the respective radius and the center of curvature of the second subsidiary pressing surface.
2. The die according to claim 1 , wherein the die includes a plurality of dies configured to sandwich and reduce the diameter of the wall of the socket by the repeated and intermittent pressing.
3. A pair of dies for manufacturing a ball joint having a ball accommodated inside a socket that includes a wall having an outer surface, each of the pair of dies comprising:
a first subsidiary pressing surface disposed so as to abut against the outer surface of a first portion of the wall of the socket which is near to the front end of the wall; and
a second subsidiary pressing surface disposed so as to abut against the outer surface of a second portion of the wall which is distant from the front end of the wall;
wherein:
the pair of dies is configured to sandwich the socket and reduce a diameter of the wall of the socket by repeated and intermittent pressing in an inward radial direction against the outer surface of the wall of the socket;
the first subsidiary pressing surface of each of the pair of dies is configured to press against the first portion to thereby reduce the diameter thereof during an early phase of repetition of the intermittent pressing;
the second subsidiary pressing surface of each of the pair of dies is configured to press against the second portion to thereby reduce the diameter thereof during a later phase of repetition of the intermittent pressing;
each of the first and second subsidiary pressing surfaces has a substantially concave spherical surface shape characterized by a radius and a center of curvature; and
at least one of the radius and the center of curvature of the first subsidiary pressing surface differs from the respective radius and the center of curvature of the second subsidiary pressing surface.
4. A method of manufacturing a ball joint provided with a first member having a ball section and a second member having a substantially cylindrical socket which accommodates the ball section, the method comprising:
disposing a pair dies for reducing the diameter of a wall surrounding an opening of the socket of the second member so as to sandwich the wall of the socket from an outer side thereof in a radial direction, wherein:
each die includes a first subsidiary pressing surface to abut against the outer surface of a first portion of the wall of the socket which is near to the front end of the wall, and a second subsidiary pressing surface to abut against the outer surface of a second portion of the wall which is distant from the front end of the wall;
each subsidiary pressing surface has a substantially spherical shape characterized by a radius and a center of curvature; and
at least one of the radius and the center of curvature of the first subsidiary pressing surface differs from the respective radius and the center of curvature of the second subsidiary pressing surface;
pressing the outer surface of the wall of the socket repeatedly and intermittently in an inward radial direction by the disposed pair of dies, in a state where the ball section is accommodated inside the socket during an early phase of the repeated and intermittent pressing by the first subsidiary pressing surface pressing against the first portion to thereby reduce the diameter of the first portion; and
pressing the outer surface of the wall of the socket repeatedly and intermittently in the inward radial direction by the disposed pair of dies during a later phase of the repeated and intermittent pressing by the second subsidiary pressing surface pressing against the second portion to thereby reduce the diameter of the second portion.
5. The method of manufacturing a ball joint according to claim 4 , wherein the socket is defined by a central axis, further comprising rotating the socket with respect to the pair of dies about the central axis of the socket during intervals between the repetitions of the repeated and intermittent pressing to control a clearance between the ball section and the socket.
6. The method of manufacturing a ball joint according to claim 5 , further comprising restricting rotation of the socket when the socket is pressed by the pair of dies.