Zoned catalytic filters for treatment of exhaust gas
View Patent ↗Provided is an SCRF article having different SCR catalysts compositions disposed on a wall-flow filter substrate in zones that are arranged in series with respect to the inlet and outlet faces of the substrate. Also provided is method of reducing backpressure and ammonia slip that involves the use of such SCRF articles.
1. A catalyst article comprising:
a. a wall flow monolith having an inlet face end and an outlet face and an axis of gas flow from said inlet face to said outlet face;
b. a first SCR catalyst composition comprising a molecular sieve framework at a first sieve concentration and an exchanged metal at a first metal concentration, wherein said first SCR catalyst is disposed in a first zone;
c. a second SCR catalyst composition comprising said molecular sieve framework and comprising said exchanged metal at a second metal concentration that is at or below said first metal concentration, wherein said second SCR catalyst is disposed in a second zone;
wherein said first zone and second zone are disposed within a portion of said wall flow monolith and in series along said axis, and wherein said first zone is disposed proximal to said inlet face, and said second zone is disposed proximal to said outlet face; and
d. one or more intermediate zones disposed between said first and second zones and in series along said axis, wherein said intermediate zones each comprise an SCR catalyst composition having said molecular sieve framework and said exchanged metal wherein said intermediate zones are arranged to form a metal concentration gradient having a high concentration end and a low concentration end with the high concentration end being closer to the inlet face relative to the low concentration end.
2. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said molecular sieve is a zeolite having a framework selected from the group consisting of BEA, MFI, CHA, ERI, and LEV.
3. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said first sieve concentration is about 0.5 to about 2.5 g/in 3 .
4. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said exchanged metal is selected from copper and iron.
5. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said first metal concentration is about 10 to about 500 g/ft 3 .
6. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said wall flow monolith has a pore size of at least about 10 microns and a porosity of at least about 50%.
7. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said wall flow monolith has an efficiency of at least about 70% for soot particles in a diesel engine exhaust gas.
8. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said first zone and said second zone overlap by less than about 25%.
9. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said first zone is disposed on about 10 to about 90% of the distance between said inlet face and said outlet face.
10. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said first zone is disposed on about 40 to about 60% of the distance between said inlet face and said outlet face.
11. The catalyst article of claim 1 wherein said second metal concentration is at least 20% lower than said first metal concentration.
12. The catalyst article of claim 11 wherein said second sieve concentration is at least 20% lower than said first sieve concentration.
13. A method for reducing NO x in an exhaust gas comprising contacting the gas with a catalyst article according to claim 1 for a time and temperature sufficient to reduce the level of NO x compounds in the gas.
14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
a. operating a diesel engine under conditions to generate a feed stream of said exhaust gas comprising NO x and soot and having a temperature of about 250 to 550° C. and having a space velocity of about 20,000 to about 120,000/hour;
b. injecting a reductant in to said feed stream to create an intermediate stream; and
c. passing said intermediate stream through said catalyst article according to claim 1 to produce a purified exhaust gas stream having a reduced soot and NO x concentration relative to said feed stream;
wherein said purified exhaust gas stream has no ammonia or a concentration of ammonia that is less than an amount of ammonia that would be present if the intermediate stream were passed through a catalyst article similar to claim 1 , but having an SCR catalyst homogenously distributed with respect to the direction of overall gas flow.
15. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
a. operating a diesel engine under conditions to generate a stream of said exhaust gas comprising NO x and soot and having a temperature of about 250 to 550° C. and having a space velocity of about 20,000 to about 120,000/hour;
b. injecting a reductant in to said stream to create an intermediate stream; and
c. passing said intermediate stream through said catalyst article according to claim 1 to produce a purified exhaust gas stream having a reduced soot and NO x concentration relative to said feed stream, wherein said passing step produces a resistance to gas flow that is less than the amount of gas flow resistance that would be produced if the intermediate stream were passed through a catalyst article according to claim 1 , but having an SCR catalyst homogenously distributed with respect to the direction of overall gas flow.
16. An engine exhaust gas treatment system comprising:
a. a catalyst article according to claim 1 ; and
b. a source of ammonia or urea upstream of said catalyst article.