Granted Patent B2

US 8,731,198 · App. 13/364,695 · Granted May 20, 2014

Inventors: Christopher T. Bernard (Wayzata, MN); Charles J. Eddleston (Minneapolis, MN)

Assignee: Calix, Inc.

Abstract

Claims (75)

1. A method comprising:

determining, by an optical network device, that a length of a data packet exceeds a threshold length associated with a consecutive identical digit (CID) error, prior to encapsulating at least a portion of the data packet to form one or more passive optical network (PON) frames;

in response to the determination that the length of the data packet exceeds the threshold length associated with the CID error, and without determining whether the packet will result in the CID error, fragmenting, by the optical network device, the data packet to form at least two sub-packets, so that none of the at least two sub-packets has a length exceeding the threshold length associated with the CID error;

encapsulating, by the optical network device, at least a portion of the at least two sub-packets to form the one or more PON frames;

applying, by the optical network device, a scrambling polynomial to at least a portion of the one or more PON frames to form one or more corresponding scrambled PON frames; and

transmitting, by the optical network device, the one or more scrambled PON frames.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the scrambling polynomial to at least the portion of the one or more PON frames to form the one or more scrambled PON frames comprises applying the scrambling polynomial in accordance with the following scrambling polynomial defined in a gigabit capable PON (GPON) standard: x 7 +x 6 +1 wherein x represents a bit of at least the portion of the data packet.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising modifying the data packet to form at least one modified data packet by replacing at least a portion of the at least one modified data packet with a correction pattern.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the correction pattern comprises a sequence of alternating ones and zeros.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising modifying the data packet to form at least one modified data packet at least in part by replacing either an entirety of the data packet with a correction pattern or a remainder of the data packet with the correction pattern, wherein the remainder begins at a bit that immediately follows a last bit of the threshold length associated with the CID error.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein modifying the data packet to form the at least one modified data packet further comprises applying a secondary scrambler to the modified data packet to form a rescrambled data packet.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein applying the secondary scrambler to the modified data packet further includes performing an exclusive-or (XOR) operation with an operand comprising a sequence of alternating ones and zeros.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein encapsulating at least the portion of the at least two sub-packets to form the one or more PON frames further comprises modifying a header of each of the one or more PON frames to include a correction flag that indicates the fragmenting of the data packet.

9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining, by the optical network device, that the one or more scrambled PON frames will cause a CID error; and

in response to the determination that the scrambled PON frame will cause the CID error, modifying, by the optical network device, the one or more scrambled PON frames to generate one or more corresponding modified scrambled PON frames such that none of the one or more modified scrambled PON frames will result in the CID error,

wherein transmitting the one or more scrambled PON frames comprises transmitting the one or more modified scrambled PON frames.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical network device comprises one of an optical line terminal (OLT) or an optical network unit (ONU).

11. An optical network device comprising:

a hardware control unit;

a consecutive identical digit (CID) corrector of the hardware control unit, wherein the CID corrector:

determines that a length of a data packet exceeds a threshold length associated with a CID error, prior to encapsulating at least a portion of the data packet to form one or more passive optical network (PON) frames and, in response to the determination that the data packet is likely to result or will result in the CID error;

in response to the determination that the length of the data packet exceeds the threshold length associated with the CID error, and without determining whether the packet will result in the CID error, fragments the data packet to form at least two sub-packets, so that none of the at least two sub-packets has a length exceeding the threshold length associated with the CID error;

a framer of the hardware control unit, wherein the framer encapsulates the at least two sub-packets to form the one or more PON frames;

a scrambler of the hardware control unit, wherein the scrambler applies a scrambling polynomial to at least a portion of the one or more PON frames to form one or more corresponding scrambled PON frames; and

a network interface that transmits the one or more scrambled PON frames.

12. The optical network device of claim 11 , further comprising a passive optical network media access controller (PON MAC) of the hardware control unit, wherein the PON MAC includes the CID corrector, the framer, and the scrambler.

13. The optical network device of claim 11 , wherein the CID corrector causes the framer to modify a header of each of the one or more PON frames to include a correction flag that indicates that the CID corrector fragmented the data packet.

14. The optical network device of claim 13 , wherein the correction flag is included in a payload type indicator (PTI) field of the header.

15. The optical network device of claim 11 , wherein the network interface transmits the one or more scrambled PON frames in accordance with a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) standard.

16. The optical network device of claim 11 , wherein the optical network device is an optical line terminal (OLT).

17. The optical network device of claim 11 , wherein the optical network device is an optical network unit (ONU).

18. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions for causing a programmable processor to:

determine whether a length of a data packet exceeds a threshold length associated with a consecutive identical digit (CID) error prior to encapsulating at least a portion of the data packet to form one or more passive optical network (PON) frames;

in response to the determination that the length of the data packet exceeds the threshold length associated with the CID error, and without determining whether the packet will result in the CID error, fragment the data packet to form at least two sub-packets, so that none of the at least two sub-packets has a length exceeding the threshold length associated with the CID error;

encapsulate at least a portion of the at least two data sub-packets to form the one or more PON frames;

apply a scrambling polynomial to at least a portion of the one or more PON frames to form one or more corresponding scrambled PON frames; and

transmit the one or more scrambled PON frames.

19. A network system comprising:

a public network;

one or more optical network units (ONUs);

an optical line terminal (OLT), wherein the OLT comprises:

a consecutive identical digit (CID) corrector that determines that a length of a data packet exceeds a threshold length associated with a CID error prior to encapsulating at least a portion of the data packet to form one or more passive optical network (PON) frames and, in response to the determination that the length of the data packet exceeds the threshold length associated with the CID error, fragments the data packet to form at least two sub-packets, so that none of the at least two sub-packets has a length exceeding the threshold length exceeding the threshold length associated with the CID error;

a framer that encapsulates the at least two sub-data packets to form the one or more PON frames;

a scrambler that applies a scrambling polynomial to at least a portion of the one or more PON frames to form one or more corresponding scrambled PON frames; and

a network interface that transmits the one or more scrambled PON frames to each ONU of the one or more ONUs using the public network.

20. The network system of claim 19 , wherein the public network conforms to a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) standard.

21. The network system of claim 19 , wherein each ONU of the one or more ONUs comprises:

a consecutive identical digit (CID) corrector that determines that a data packet will result in a CID error prior to encapsulating at least a portion of the data packet to form a passive optical network (PON) frame, and in response to the determination that the data packet will result in the CID error, modifies the data packet to form at least one modified data packet that will not result in the CID error upon subsequent encapsulation and scrambling of the at least one modified data packet;

a framer that encapsulates at least a portion of the at least one modified data packet to form the PON frame;

a scrambler that applies a scrambling polynomial to at least a portion of the PON frame to form a scrambled PON frame; and

a network interface that transmits the scrambled PON frame to the OLT using the public network.

22. A method comprising:

receiving, by an optical network device, one or more scrambled passive optical network (PON) frames;

determining, by the optical network device, that a respective scrambled payload of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames includes data associated with at least two sub-packets formed from a data packet, wherein none of the respective scrambled payloads exceeds a threshold length associated with a consecutive identical digit (CID) error, and wherein the at least two sub-packets are formed prior to encapsulation of any portion of the data packet to form the one or more scrambled PON frames, without any determination of whether the data packet will result in a CID error upon encapsulation and scrambling;

applying, by the optical network device, an inverse scrambling polynomial to the respective scrambled payload of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames, to form one or more corresponding descrambled payloads;

constructing the at least two sub-packets from the one or more descrambled payloads; and

transmitting, by the optical network device, the at least two sub-packets.

23. The method of claim 22 ,

wherein determining that the respective scrambled payload of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames includes data associated with the at least two sub-packets further comprises reading a correction flag of a respective header of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames; and

wherein the correction flag indicates that each scrambled payload includes data associated with at least one sub-packet of the at least two sub-packets.

24. An optical network device comprising:

a passive optical network (PON) interface that receives one or more scrambled PON frames;

a passive optical network media access controller (PON MAC) that: determines that a respective scrambled payload of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames includes data associated with at least two sub-packets formed from a data packet, wherein none of the respective scrambled payloads exceeds a threshold length associated with a consecutive identical digit (CID) error, and wherein the at least two sub-packets are formed prior to encapsulation of any portion of the data packet to form the one or more scrambled PON frames, without any determination of whether the data packet will result in a CID error upon encapsulation and scrambling, and applies an inverse scrambling polynomial to the respective scrambled payload of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames, to form one or more corresponding descrambled payloads;

a CID corrector that constructs the at least two sub-packets from the one or more descrambled payloads; and

a network interface that transmits the at least two sub-packets.

25. The optical network device of claim 24 ,

wherein the PON MAC determines that the respective scrambled payload of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames includes data associated with the at least two sub-packets at least in part by reading a correction flag of a respective header of each of the one or more scrambled PON frames, and

wherein the correction flag indicates that each respective scrambled payload includes data associated with at least one sub-packet of the at least two sub-packets.

26. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions for causing a programmable processor to:

receive a scrambled PON frame;

determine that a scrambled payload of the scrambled PON frame includes data associated with at least one modified data packet, wherein none of the respective scrambled payloads exceeds a threshold length associated with a consecutive identical digit (CID) error, and wherein the at least two sub-packets are formed prior to encapsulation of any portion of the data packet to form the one or more scrambled PON frames, without any determination of whether the data packet will result in a CID error upon encapsulation and scrambling;

apply an inverse scrambling polynomial to the scrambled payload to form a descrambled payload;

construct at least one data packet from the data associated with the at least one modified data packet; and

transmit the at least one data packet.

Assignments (8)

Continuity (1)