Coating compositions containing low VOC compounds
View Patent ↗Coating compositions containing coalescents and a latex polymer, wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 50% and is dispersible in the coating composition.
1. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsifired or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the poloymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O)—R 2
wherein:
R 1 comprises an aromatic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms;
X is a divalent organic group comprising one or more nonperoxidic oxygen atoms;
R 2 comprises an aromatic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture;
wherein the paint contains sufficient TiO 2 pigment to be substantially visually opaque when applied at a thickness of 3 mils (0.0762 mm) and dried; and
wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 15 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
2. The paint of claim 1 , wherein the paint forms a coalesced film at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C.
3. The paint of claim 1 , wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of no greater than 11 wt-% and has a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.
4. The paint of claim 1 , wherein:
R 1 is an aromatic group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms;
X is a divalent organic group comprising one or more oxygen atoms and 2 to 8 carbon atoms; and
R 2 further comprises one or more carbonyl groups.
5. The paint of claim 1 , comprising a mixture of coalescents;
wherein the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%, and wherein at least one of the coalescents is nonreactive in the paint, has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt- %, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and has the recited formula; and
wherein the mixture of coalescents is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than 25° C.
6. The paint of claim 5 , wherein in the coalescent of the recited formula:
R 1 is an aromatic group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms;
X is a divalent organic group comprising one or more oxygen atoms and 2 to 8 carbon atoms; and
R 2 further comprises one or more carbonyl groups.
7. The paint of claim 5 , wherein the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 30 wt-%.
8. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O)—H
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms and aliphatic carbon-carbon unsaturation; and
X is an organic group comprising one or more substituents selected from the group of nonperoxidic oxygen atoms;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to fowl a uniform mixture;
wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.; and
wherein the paint contains sufficient TiO 2 pigment to be substantially visually opaque when applied at a thickness of 3 mils (0.0762 mm) and dried.
9. The paint of claim 8 , wherein the paint forms a coalesced film at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C.
10. The paint of claim 8 , wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms and aliphatic carbon-carbon unsaturation; and
X is a divalent organic group comprising one or more oxygen atoms and 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
11. The paint of claim 8 , comprising a mixture of coalescents, wherein the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%, and wherein at least one of the coalescents is nonreactive in the paint, has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and has the recited formula.
12. The paint of claim 11 , wherein the mixture of coalescents is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
13. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O)—O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl moiety and comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms;
X is a divalent organic group comprising oxygen atoms and 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group comprising 3 to 24 carbon atoms and one carbonyl group;
with the proviso that the coalescent does not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture;
wherein the paint contains sufficient TiO 2 pigment to be substantially visually opaque when applied at a thickness of 3 mils (0.0762 mm) and dried; and
wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 15 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
14. The paint of claim 13 , comprising a mixture of coalescents, wherein the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%, and wherein at least one of the coalescents is nonreactive in the paint, has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and has the recited formula; wherein the mixture of coalescents is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
15. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O)—H
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms and one or more nonperoxidic oxygen atoms; and
X is an organic group comprising one or more substituents selected from the group of nonperoxidic oxygen atoms, carbonyl groups, and combinations thereof;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture;
wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.; and
wherein the paint contains sufficient TiO 2 pigment to be substantially visually opaque when applied at a thickness of 3 mils (0.0762 mm) and dried.
16. The paint of claim 15 , comprising a mixture of coalescents, wherein the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%, and wherein at least one of the coalescents is nonreactive in the paint, has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and has the recited formula; wherein the mixture of coalescents is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
17. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof:
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry;
wherein the paint contains sufficient TiO 2 pigment to be substantially visually opaque when applied at a thickness of 3 mils (0.0762 mm) and dried; and
wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 15 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
18. The paint of claim 17 , comprising a mixture of coalescents, wherein the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%, and wherein at least one of the coalescents is nonreactive in the paint, has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and has the recited formula; wherein the mixture of coalescents is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
19. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature, and wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof:
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry while not reacting with the latex polymer;
wherein the paint contains sufficient TiO 2 pigment to be substantially visually opaque when applied at a thickness of 3 mils (0.0762 mm) and dried; and
wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 15 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
20. The paint of claim 19 , comprising a mixture of coalescents, wherein the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%, and wherein at least one of the coalescents is nonreactive in the paint, has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and has the recited formula; wherein the mixture of coalescents is selected to facilitate, and used in an amount that facilitates, the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
21. The paint of claim 1 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 10 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
22. The paint of claim 21 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 5 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
23. The paint of claim 22 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 2 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
24. The paint of claim 8 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 15 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
25. The paint of claim 24 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 10 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
26. The paint of claim 25 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 5 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
27. The paint of claim 26 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 2 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
28. The paint of claim 13 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 10 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
29. The paint of claim 28 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 5 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
30. The paint of claim 29 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 2 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
31. The paint of claim 15 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 15 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
32. The paint of claim 31 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 10 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
33. The paint of claim 32 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 5 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
34. The paint of claim 33 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 2 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
35. The paint of claim 17 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 10 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
36. The paint of claim 35 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 5 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
37. The paint of claim 36 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 2 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
38. The paint of claim 19 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 10 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
39. The paint of claim 38 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 5 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.
40. The paint of claim 39 wherein the total VOC in the paint is no greater than 2 grams per 100 grams polymer solids.