Process to induce polymerization of an organic electronically conductive polymer
View Patent ↗A process to induce polymerization of an organic electronically conductive polymer in the presence of a partially delithiated alkali metal phosphate which acts as the polymerization initiator.
1. A method of synthesizing an organic electronically conductive polymer in presence of a partially delithiated alkali metal phosphate of the general formula A 1-x MXO 4 , said method comprising:
contacting said partially delithiated alkali metal phosphate with chemical reactants comprising unsaturated monomers or a mixture of unsaturated monomers; and
initiating with said partially delithiated alkali metal phosphate the polymerization of said unsaturated monomers or mixture of unsaturated monomers to form an electronically conductive polymer;
wherein: 0<x<1; A represents at least 90 atomic % Li; M comprise at least 50% at. Fe(II) or Mn(II) or a mixture thereof; XO 4 represents PO 4 , alone or partially replaced by at most 10 atomic % of at least one group selected from SO 4 SiO 4 .
2. A method as in claim 1 wherein the electronically conductive polymer is at least partially grafted on the surface of said alkali metal phosphate.
3. A method as in claim 2 wherein M comprises at least 90 atomic % of Fe(II) or Mn(II) or a mixture thereof.
4. A method as in claim 2 wherein said unsaturated monomers comprise substituted or unsubstituted pyrrole, thiophene, aniline or any mixtures thereof.
5. A method as in claim 4 wherein said unsaturated monomers comprise 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene.
6. A method as in claim 1 wherein said A 1-x MXO 4 is obtained by partial delithiation of AMXO 4 .
7. A method as in claim 6 wherein said partial delithiation is performed by oxidant.
8. A method as in claim 7 wherein said oxidant comprises H 2 O 2 , Br 2 I 2 , persulfate, peroxodisulfate or any mixture thereof.
9. A method as in claim 8 wherein said partial delithiation is performed in aqueous media.
10. A method as in claim 1 wherein said polymerization is performed in solution.
11. A method as in claim 10 wherein said solution comprises alcohol.
12. A method as in claim 1 wherein said polymerization is performed in a vapor phase of the monomers.
13. A method as in claim 1 wherein said polymerization is performed in a gas phase.
14. A method as in claim 10 wherein polymerization is performed in presence of an alkali salt.
15. A method as in claim 14 wherein said alkali salt comprises an anion selected from halogenide, sulfate, sulfonate, acetate, imide, perchlorate, borate and phosphate.
16. A method as in claim 14 wherein said alkali salt is a lithium salt.
17. A method as in claim 14 wherein said alkali salt comprises (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi.
18. A method as in claim 1 wherein said partially delithiated alkali metal phosphate has the general formula Li 1-x FePO 4 wherein:0<x<1.
19. A method as in claim 1 wherein said partially delithiated alkali metal phosphate is present as particles or agglomerates of particles.
20. A method as in claim 1 wherein 0.02<x<0.4.
21. A method as in claim 1 wherein A 1-x MXO 4 comprises a carbon deposit obtained by pyrolysis of an organic precursor.
22. A method as in claim 6 wherein said partial delithiation is performed by a gaseous oxidant comprising NO 2 .
23. A method as in claim 11 wherein polymerization is performed in presence of an alkali salt.
24. A method as in claim 23 wherein said alkali salt comprises an anion selected from halogenide, sulfate, sulfonate, acetate, imide, perchlorate, borate and phosphate.
25. A method as in claim 23 wherein said alkali salt is a lithium salt.
26. A method as in claim 23 wherein said alkali salt comprises (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi.
27. A method as in claim 12 wherein polymerization is performed in presence of an alkali salt.
28. A method as in claim 27 wherein said alkali salt comprises an anion selected from halogenide, sulfate, sulfonate, acetate, imide, perchlorate, borate and phosphate.
29. A method as in claim 27 wherein said alkali salt is a lithium salt.
30. A method as in claim 27 wherein said alkali salt comprises (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi.
31. A method as in claim 13 wherein polymerization is performed in presence of an alkali salt.
32. A method as in claim 31 wherein said alkali salt comprises an anion selected from halogenide, sulfate, sulfonate, acetate, imide, perchlorate, borate and phosphate.
33. A method as in claim 31 wherein said alkali salt is a lithium salt.
34. A method as in claim 31 wherein said alkali salt comprises (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi.