System and method for managing thermal issues in one or more industrial processes
View Patent ↗The present invention generally relates to a system that enables one to both: (i) address various thermal management issues (e.g., inlet air cooling) in gas turbines, gas turbine engines, industrial process equipment and/or internal combustion engines; and (ii) yield a supercritical fluid-based heat engine. In one embodiment, the present invention utilizes at least one working fluid selected from ammonia, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or other suitable working fluid medium. In another embodiment, the present invention utilizes carbon dioxide or ammonia as a working fluid to achieve a system that enables one to address inlet cooling issues in a gas turbine, internal combustion engine or other industrial application while also yielding a supercritical fluid based heat engine as a second cycle using the waste heat from the gas turbine and/or internal combustion engine to create a combined power cycle.
1. A system for temperature conditioning inlet gas, comprising:
a gas turbine having an inlet side and an outlet side;
at least one gas inlet heat exchanger operatively coupled to the inlet side of the gas turbine, wherein the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from inlet gas being supplied to the inlet side of the gas turbine prior to entry of the inlet gas into the gas turbine and transfer such heat via a working fluid to a bottom loop;
at least one gas outlet heat exchanger operatively coupled to the outlet side of the gas turbine and fluidly coupled with the bottom loop, wherein the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from outlet gas being generated by the gas turbine and transfer such heat via the working fluid to the bottom loop,
wherein the bottom loop is configured to utilize such transferred heat from the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger to provide suitably conditioned working fluid back to both the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger, and comprises:
at least one bottom loop expander fluidly coupled to the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and directly fluidly coupled to the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger, wherein the at least one bottom loop expander is configured to receive a heat-laden working fluid from the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger and yield a cooled working fluid; and
at least one bottom loop heat exchanger fluidly coupled with the at least one bottom loop expander, the at least one outlet heat exchanger, and the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger, wherein the at least one bottom loop heat exchanger is disposed downstream from the at least one bottom loop expander and upstream of the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger, the at least one bottom loop heat exchanger being configured to receive the cooled working fluid from the at least one bottom loop expander and transfer the cooled working fluid to the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the working fluid is selected from ammonia, carbon dioxide, or a combination thereof.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the working fluid is carbon dioxide.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the working fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide.
5. The system of claim 2 , wherein the working fluid is ammonia.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the working fluid is supercritical ammonia.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger comprises microchannels.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger comprises one or more printed circuit heat exchanger cores.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger comprises microchannels.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger comprises one or more printed circuit heat exchanger cores.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bottom loop is configured to utilize waste heat at the outlet side of the gas turbine in combination with the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger to yield a reduction in a temperature of the inlet gas provided to the inlet side of the gas turbine.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein and
the cooled working fluid from the at least one bottom loop heat exchanger is provided to the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger for use in the reduction of the temperature of the inlet gas provided to the inlet side of the gas turbine.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bottom loop is a heat engine configured to utilize transferred heat to condition the inlet gas and generate surplus power or energy.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the inlet gas comprises air.
15. A method for temperature conditioning inlet gas, the method comprising:
providing a gas turbine having an inlet side and an outlet side;
providing at least one gas inlet heat exchanger operatively coupled to the inlet side of the gas turbine, wherein the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from inlet gas being supplied to the inlet side of the gas turbine prior to entry of the inlet gas into the gas turbine and transfer such heat via a working fluid to a bottom loop; and
providing at least one gas outlet heat exchanger operatively coupled to the outlet side of the gas turbine, wherein the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from outlet gas being generated by the gas turbine and transfer such heat via the working fluid to the bottom loop,
wherein the bottom loop transfers heat from the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger to provide suitably conditioned working fluid back to both the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger, and comprises:
at least one bottom loop expander fluidly coupled to the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and directly fluidly coupled to the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger, wherein the at least one bottom loop expander is configured to receive a heat-laden working fluid from the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger and yield a cooled working fluid; and
at least one bottom loop heat exchanger fluidly coupled with the at least one bottom loop expander, the at least one outlet heat exchanger, and the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger, wherein the at least one bottom loop heat exchanger is disposed downstream from the at least one bottom loop expander and upstream of the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger and the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger, the at least one bottom loop heat exchanger being configured to receive the cooled working fluid from the at least one bottom loop expander and transfer the cooled working fluid to the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the working fluid is selected from ammonia, carbon dioxide, or a combination thereof.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the working fluid is carbon dioxide.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the working fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the working fluid is ammonia.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the working fluid is supercritical ammonia.
21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger comprises microchannels.
22. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger comprises one or more printed circuit heat exchanger cores.
23. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger comprises microchannels.
24. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one gas outlet heat exchanger comprises one or more printed circuit heat exchanger cores.
25. The method of claim 15 , wherein the bottom loop utilizes waste heat at the outlet side of the gas turbine in combination with the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger to yield a reduction in a temperature of the inlet gas provided to the inlet side of the gas turbine.
26. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cooled working fluid from the at least one bottom loop heat exchanger is provided to the at least one gas inlet heat exchanger for use in a reduction of a temperature of the inlet gas provided to the inlet side of the gas turbine.
27. The method of claim 15 , wherein the bottom loop is a heat engine configured to utilize transferred heat to condition the inlet gas and generate surplus power or energy.