Robust air-detraining for cement milling
View Patent ↗The present invention discloses compositions and methods wherein air entrained in cementitious materials at least one air-entraining cement additive is detrained using an ethoxylated, propoxylated fatty alcohol or alkylphenol having robustness for withstanding the harsh temperature and mechanical shearing effects of cement grinding mills. Exemplary air-entraining cement additives include a tertiary alkanolamine, a lignosulfonic acid or salt thereof, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, a glycol, a glycerin, or mixtures thereof.
1. A process for preparing a hydratable cement, comprising:
introducing to cement clinker, before, during, or after the grinding manufacturing process whereby the clinker is ground to produce hydratable cementitious binder material,
(a) at least one air-entraining cement additive in the amount of 0.0005% to 0.2% based on weight of clinker being ground, the at least one air-entraining cement additive comprising a tertiary alkanolamine, a lignosulfonic acid or salt thereof, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, a glycol, a glycerin, or mixtures thereof; and
(b) an air-detraining ethoxylated, propoxylated fatty alcohol or alkylphenol represented by formula (I) or (II):
CH 3 (CH 2 ) x CH 2 —O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) m H (I)
R 1 —R 2 —O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) m H (II)
wherein x represents an integer of =2-18; n and m each represent an integer of 3 to 15; R 1 represents an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbons; and R 2 represents a benzene ring;
the at least one air-entraining cement additive and the ethoxylated, propoxylated fatty alcohol or alkylphenol (both hereinafter EPFA) being present by weight within the ratio (tertiary alkanolamine: EPFA) of 19:1 to 1:1 by dry solids weight.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the at least one air-entraining cement additive is a tertiary alkanolamine selected from the group consisting of triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, diethanol isopropanolamine, ethanol diisopropanolamine, tetra(hydroxyethyl) ethylene diamine, tetra(hydroxypropyl) ethylene diamine, methyl diethanolamine, or mixtures thereof.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the at least one air-entraining cement additive is triisopropanolamine.
4. The process of claim 3 further comprising at least one other air-entraining cement additive other than triisopropanolamine.
5. The process of claim 1 whereby a hydratable cement powder is produced having higher compressive strength and lower entrained air, when water is mixed to initiate hydration of the hydratable cementitious binder material and the hydratable cementitious binder material is allowed to harden into a structure, when compared to hydratable cementitious binder material made with the at least one tertiary alkanolamine but without the use of EPFA.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the at least one air-entraining cement additive and the EPFA are introduced to the cement clinker as homogeneous aqueous liquid solution wherein the at least one air-entraining cement additive and the EPFA are mixed together uniformly within the solution.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the EPFA is used in an amount greater than 10% by weight of total solids of air-entraining material, including the at least one air-entraining cement additive, being added to the clinker.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the cement clinker has a C 4 AF content of at least 4% by weight.
9. The process of claim 1 further comprising introducing to cement clinker, before, during, or after the grinding manufacturing process whereby the clinker is ground to produce hydratable cementitious binder material, a cement additive selected from the group consisting of a chloride salt, a sugar or carbohydrate, a nitrite, a nitrate, a thiocyanate, a water reducer, or mixtures thereof.
10. A process for preparing a hydratable cementitious material, comprising:
introducing to a cementitious material before, during, or after grinding the cementitious material to produce a hydratable cementitious binder material, the cementitious material being selected from the group consisting of clinker, fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag, limestone, natural or artificial pozzolan, or mixture thereof:
(a) at least one air-entraining cement additive in the amount of 0.0005% to 0.2% based on weight of cementitious material being ground, the at least one air-entraining cement additive comprising a tertiary alkanolamine, a lignosulfonic acid or salt thereof, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, a glycol, a glycerin, or mixtures thereof; and
(b) an air-detraining ethoxylated, propoxylated fatty alcohol or alkylphenol represented by formula (I) or (II):
CH 3 (CH 2 ) x CH 2 —O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) m H (I)
R 1 —R 2 —O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) m H (II)
wherein x represents an integer of =2-18; n and m each represent an integer of 3 to 15; R 1 represents an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbons; and R 2 represents a benzene ring;
the at least one air-entraining cement additive and the ethoxylated, propoxylated fatty alcohol or alkyphenol (both hereinafter EPFA) being present by weight within the ratio (tertiary alkanolamine:EPFA) of 19:1 to 1:1 by dry solids weight.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein R 1 represents a linear C 9 H 19 group.
12. The process of claim 10 wherein R 1 represents a linear C 9 H 19 group.