Method for testing the performance of a vacuum switch of a traction converter
A method for functionally checking a vacuum switch of a traction inverter having a grid-side four-quadrant chopper and a load-side pulse inverter electrically connected in parallel on the DC side by a DC intermediate circuit. The AC side of the chopper is connected to a secondary winding of a traction transformer, with the primary winding of the traction transformer connectable to an AC grid voltage by a vacuum switch. When the vacuum switch is open, the chopper is actuated precisely when the AC grid voltage is temporally located relative to the chopper input voltage, such that the amplitude of a voltage difference between the AC grid voltage and the chopper input voltage corresponds to a predetermined test voltage. It is then checked whether current flows from the AC supply grid to the chopper. The functionality of the vacuum switch can thus be checked at any time without a test device.
1. A method for testing a performance of a vacuum switch of a traction converter having at least one AC supply-side four-quadrant chopper with AC voltage-side terminals connected to a secondary winding of a traction transformer and a load-side pulse-controlled converter, with a DC voltage side of the four-quadrant chopper and of the pulse-controlled converter being electrically connected in parallel with an intermediate circuit capacitor, and with the vacuum switch configured to connect a primary winding of the traction transformer with an AC supply voltage from a supply grid, the method comprising:
opening the vacuum switch to disconnect the AC supply voltage from the primary winding of the traction transformer,
controlling the four-quadrant chopper to supply at the input of the four-quadrant chopper a voltage pulse with a phase angle relative to the AC supply voltage, said voltage pulse producing a test voltage across the open vacuum switch that is equal to a predetermined value of a breakdown voltage of the vacuum switch, and
checking whether the test voltage causes a current flow from the supply grid to the four-quadrant chopper across the open vacuum switch,
wherein the vacuum switch operates normally when no current flow from the supply grid to the four-quadrant chopper across the open vacuum switch is detected, and
wherein the vacuum switch is defective when a current flow from the supply grid to the four-quadrant chopper across the open vacuum switch is detected.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the voltage pulse is generated from energy stored in the intermediate circuit capacitor.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amplitude of the chopper input voltage is adjustable.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the phase angle of the chopper input voltage relative to the AC supply voltage is adjustable.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a duration of the voltage pulse is selected so as to prevent saturation of the traction transformer.