Use of Mycobacterium bovis BCG killed by Extended Freeze Drying (EFD) for preventing or treating atherosclerosis.
1. A method for the prophylactic or curative treatment of atherosclerosis, comprising the step of administering to a patient an effective amount of a composition comprising killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria which are killed by extended freeze-drying, which are obtained by a process comprising:
(i) harvesting a culture of living Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria cells,
(ii) freezing the Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria cells in water or in an aqueous solution of salt,
(iii) killing the frozen Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria cells by drying them in a lyophilizer, for a time sufficient to remove at least 98.5% of the water, and
(iv) collecting the extended freeze-dried killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria cells.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria are non-denatured.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said killed and non-denatured Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria comprise proteins whose primary structure is preserved.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria consist of killed and non-denatured Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria and less than 1.5% of water.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises from about 10 μg to about 10 mg of said killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said composition comprises from about 100 μg to about 1 mg of said killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria.
7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said composition comprises 100 μg of said killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria, and wherein said composition is administered subcutaneously every week.
8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said composition comprises 100 μg of said killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria, and wherein said composition is administered subcutaneously every month.
9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said composition comprises 100 μg of said killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG bacteria, and wherein said composition is administered subcutaneously every 3 to 6 months.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition is administered, simultaneously, separately or sequentially with one or more of an anti-inflammatory and an immunomodulatory drug.