Decarbonylation process
A process is provided for the synthesis of furan and related compounds by liquid-phase decarbonylation of furfural and derivatives, using a palladium/metal aluminate catalyst. The compounds so produced can be used as starting materials for industrial chemicals for use as pharmaceuticals, herbicides, stabilizers, and polymers such as polyether ester elastomers and polyurethane elastomers.
1. A process for the synthesis of a compound as represented by the following structure of Formula (I)
by providing a compound as represented by the following structure of Formula (II)
in the form of a liquid and heating the Formula (II) compound in contact with a Pd/metal aluminate catalyst in a reactor to produce a Formula (I) product;
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently selected from H and a C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbyl group.
2. The process according to claim 1 wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each H.
3. The process according to claim 1 wherein the substituted alumina is an alkali metal aluminate, an alkaline earth metal aluminate, gallium aluminate, lanthanum aluminate, or yttrium aluminate.
4. The process according to claim 3 wherein the alkali metal aluminate is LiAlO 2 .
5. The process according to claim 1 wherein contacting the Formula (II) compound and the catalyst to produce a Formula (I) product occurs in the liquid phase at a temperature that is in the range of from about 162° C. to about 230° C., and at a pressure that is about 25 to 100 psi above atmospheric pressure.
6. The process according to claim 1 wherein the Pd loading of the Pd/substituted alumina catalyst is about 1 to about 20% by weight.
7. The process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst concentration in the reactor is from about 0.01 to about 30 wt %.
8. The process according to claim 1 wherein the reaction is carrier out in the presence of a basic buffer powder in suspension.
9. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising purifying the Formula (I) product.
10. The process according to claim 9 , wherein the Formula (I) product is purified by distillation.
11. The process according to claim 1 further comprising a step of subjecting the Formula (I) compound to a reaction to prepare therefrom a compound, oligomer or polymer.