Signal processing apparatus
View Patent ↗The present disclosure describes a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals using various processing techniques. In certain embodiments, the measured signals are physiological signals. In certain embodiments, the measurements relate to blood constituent measurements including blood oxygen saturation.
1. In a signal processor, a method of determining a measurement of a characteristic of arterial blood, the method comprising:
transforming first and second time-domain signals into respective first and second frequency-domain signals, the first and second time-domain signals being indicative of light that has been attenuated by body tissue carrying arterial blood;
determining one or more values for a plurality of non-zero frequency components of the first and second frequency-domain signals that are indicative of the strength of one or more frequency components of the first frequency-domain signal versus the strength of one or more corresponding frequency components in the second frequency-domain signal;
determining one or more phase differences between respective frequency components of the first and second frequency-domain signals:
selecting one or more frequency components that exhibit physiological characteristics of arterial blood based, at least in part, on the corresponding one or more values and the one or more phase differences; and
determining the measurement for the characteristic of arterial blood using the selected one or more frequency components.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the characteristic of arterial blood comprises the oxygen saturation thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein selecting one or more frequency components that exhibit physiological characteristics of arterial blood comprises calculating a plurality of possible oxygen saturation values.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein selecting one or more frequency components that exhibit physiological characteristics of arterial blood further comprises analyzing a histogram of the plurality of possible oxygen saturation values.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of non-zero frequency components span a range of frequencies that includes one or more harmonics of the pulse rate of the pulsing blood.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein each value comprises a ratio of the strength of one or more frequency components in the first frequency-domain signal to the strength of the corresponding one or more frequency components in the second frequency-domain signal.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the first and second frequency-domain signals respectively comprise first and second Fourier-transformed signals.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the strength of the one or more frequency components in the first and second Fourier-transformed signals respectively comprises the magnitude of the first and second Fourier-transformed transform signals for the one or more frequency components.
9. A signal processor apparatus for determining a measurement value for a characteristic of arterial blood, the signal processor apparatus comprising:
a processor programmed to perform a method comprising,
transforming first and second time-domain signals into respective first and second frequency-domain signals, the first and second time-domain signals being indicative of light that has been attenuated by body tissue carrying arterial blood;
determining one or more values for a plurality of non-zero frequency components of the first and second frequency-domain signals that are indicative of the strength of one or more frequency components of the first frequency-domain signal versus the strength of one or more corresponding frequency components in the second frequency-domain signal;
determining one or more phase differences between respective frequency components of the first and second frequency-domain signals;
selecting one or more frequency components that exhibit physiological characteristics of arterial blood based, at least in part, on the corresponding one or more values and the one or more phase differences; and
determining the measurement for the characteristic of arterial blood using the selected one or more frequency components.
10. The signal processor apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the characteristic of arterial blood comprises the oxygen saturation thereof.
11. The signal processor apparatus of claim 10 , wherein selecting one or more frequency components that exhibit physiological characteristics of arterial blood comprises calculating a plurality of possible oxygen saturation values.
12. The signal processor apparatus of claim 11 , wherein selecting one or more frequency components that exhibit physiological characteristics of arterial blood further comprises analyzing a histogram of the plurality of possible oxygen saturation values.
13. The signal processor apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the plurality of non-zero frequency components span a range of frequencies that includes one or more harmonics of the pulse rate of the pulsing blood.
14. The signal processor apparatus of claim 9 , wherein each value comprises a ratio of the strength of one or more frequency components in the first frequency-domain signal to the strength of the corresponding one or more frequency components in the second frequency-domain signal.
15. The signal processor apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the first and second frequency-domain signals respectively comprise first and second Fourier-transformed signals.
16. The signal processor apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the strength of the one or more frequency components in the first and second Fourier-transformed signals respectively comprises the magnitude of the first and second Fourier-transformed transform signals for the one or more frequency components.