Methods and devices for treating tissue
The invention provides a system and method for achieving the cosmetically beneficial effects of shrinking collagen tissue in the dermis or other areas of tissue in an effective, non-invasive manner using an array of electrodes. Systems described herein allow for improved treatment of tissue. Additional variations of the system include array of electrodes configured to minimize the energy required to produce the desired effect.
1. A method for applying energy to a region of tissue, comprising:
placing a tissue engaging surface of an electrode device against a surface of the tissue, where the electrode device comprises at least one electrode extending at an oblique angle relative to the tissue engaging surface;
inserting the at least one electrode obliquely into the tissue at an entry point such that a surface of the tissue directly above the at least one electrode is spaced from the entry point of the at least one electrode and such that the tissue engaging surface does not extend over the surface of tissue directly above an active region of the at least one electrode; and
applying energy to tissue by delivering energy to the active region of the at least one electrode.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising placing a cooling surface adjacent to the entry point, where the cooling surface directly cools the exterior surface of the tissue directly above the active region of each of the at least one electrode.
3. The method of claim 2 , where the cooling surface is visually transparent.
4. The method of claim 2 , where the cooling surface is visually translucent.
5. The method of claim 2 , where the cooling surface comprises a silica based glass.
6. The method of claim 2 , where the cooling surface comprises a single crystal aluminum oxide material.
7. The method of claim 2 , where the cooling surface comprises a material selected from the group consisting of steel, aluminum, and copper.
8. The method of claim 2 , where the at least one electrode passes through a portion of the cooling surface when inserting the at least one electrode into the tissue.
9. The method of claim 2 , where inserting the at least one electrode comprises first applying an impact force to the at least one electrode such that the at least one electrode penetrates the tissue and subsequently, advancing the at least one electrode farther into the tissue.
10. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
placing a portion of the surface of the tissue that is adjacent to each electrode in a state of traction as the at least one electrode is inserted into the tissue;
advancing at least one of the at least one electrode through the surface layer;
applying energy to the least one electrode to create a thermal injury to tissue beneath the surface of the tissue.
11. The method of claim 2 , where each of the at least one electrode extends through an opening in an introducer member, where pressing the introducer member against the surface of the tissue places the surface of the tissue in traction.
12. The method of claim 2 , where the at least one electrode comprises adjacent electrodes and where applying energy comprises using a power supply configured to energize adjacent electrodes at different times.
13. The method of claim 2 , where the region of tissue comprises tissue selected from the group consisting of the dermis, a tumor, and a blood vessel.