Hydrogel arthroplasty device
An arthroplasty device is provided having an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel that is strain-hardened by swelling and adapted to be held in place in a joint by conforming to a bone geometry. The strain-hardened IPN hydrogel is based on two different networks: (1) a non-silicone network of preformed hydrophilic non-ionic telechelic macromonomers chemically cross-linked by polymerization of its end-groups, and (2) a non-silicone network of ionizable monomers. The second network was polymerized and chemically cross-linked in the presence of the first network and has formed physical cross-links with the first network. Within the IPN, the degree of chemical cross-linking in the second network is less than in the first network. An aqueous salt solution (neutral pH) is used to ionize and swell the second network. The swelling of the second network is constrained by the first network resulting in an increase in effective physical cross-links within the IPN.
1. An arthroplasty device comprising a bearing region adapted to articulate with another bearing surface and a bone-interfacing region adapted to interact with underlying bone, the bearing region comprising a hydrogel having a first interpenetrating polymer network, the bone-interfacing region comprising another polymer integrated with the first interpenetrating polymer network to form a second interpenetrating polymer network between the hydrogel in the bearing region and the other polymer in the bone-interfacing region, wherein the interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel of the bearing region comprises a first network and a second network, the other polymer in the bone-interfacing region is partially interpenetrated within the first and second networks to form a triple network in the bone-interfacing region.
2. The arthroplasty device of claim 1 wherein the interpenetrating polymer network comprises preformed non-ionic telechelic macromonomers.
3. The arthroplasty device of claim 2 wherein the macromonomer has at least one end group selected from diacrylates, dimethacrylates, diallyl ethers, divinyls, diacrylamides, dimethacrylamides.
4. The arthroplasty device of claim 2 wherein the preformed non-ionic telechelic macromonomers are polyurethane macromonomers.
5. The arthroplasty device of claim 1 wherein the interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel comprises an ionic polymer.
6. The arthroplasty device of claim 5 wherein said ionic polymer comprises carboxylic acid groups.
7. The arthroplasty device of claim 5 wherein said ionic polymer comprises sulfonic acid groups.
8. The arthroplasty device of claim 5 wherein said ionic polymer comprises both carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid functional groups.
9. The arthroplasty device of claim 5 wherein said ionic polymer comprises poly(acrylic acid).
10. The arthroplasty device of claim 1 wherein the interpenetrating polymer network comprises a network of preformed non-ionic telechelic macromonomers physically entangled with the ionic polymer network.
11. The arthroplasty device of claim 1 wherein the bone-interfacing region comprises polyurethane, silicone rubber, or derivatives or combinations thereof.