Method of fabricating a thermostructural composite material part, and a part obtained thereby
View Patent ↗The method comprises: using chemical vapor infiltration to form a first continuous interphase on the fibers of a fiber structure made of refractory fibers, the interphase having a thickness of no more than 100 nanometers; impregnating the fiber structure with a consolidation composition comprising a carbon or ceramic precursor resin; forming a fiber preform that is consolidated by shaping the impregnated fiber structure and using pyrolysis to transform the resin into a discontinuous solid residue of carbon or ceramic; using chemical vapor infiltration to form a second continuous interphase layer; and densifying the preform with a refractory matrix. This preserves the capacity of the fiber structure to deform so as to enable a fiber preform to be obtained that is of complex shape, while nevertheless guaranteeing the presence of a continuous interphase between the fibers and the matrix.
1. A thermostructural composite material part comprising fiber reinforcement of refractory fibers densified by a refractory matrix obtained by chemical vapor infiltration, with an interphase being interposed between the refractory fibers of the fiber reinforcement and the refractory matrix, wherein the interphase comprises a first continuous interphase layer coating the refractory fibers of the fiber reinforcement, the first continuous interphase layer being of a material selected from pyrolytic carbon, boron nitride, and boron-doped carbon, and having a thickness of not more than 100 nanometers, and a second continuous interphase layer, the second continuous interphase layer covering the first continuous interphase layer and discontinuous grains of a solid carbon or ceramic residue that results from pyrolyzing a resin, which discontinuous grains are interposed between the first and second continuous interphase layers; wherein the refractory matrix is in direct contact with the second continuous interphase layer; and wherein the first continuous interphase layer is in direct contact with the refractory fibers of the first reinforcement and wherein the discontinuous grains are in direct contact with the first continuous interphase layer.
2. The thermostructural composite material part according to claim 1 , wherein the second continuous interphase layer is selected from pyrolytic carbon, boron nitride, boron-doped carbon, and a material made up of layers of pyrolytic carbon, boron nitride, or boron-doped carbon alternating with layers of silicon carbide.
3. The thermostructural composite material part according to claim 1 , wherein the first continuous interphase layer has a thickness of not more than 50 nanometers.
4. The thermostructural composite material part according to claim 1 , wherein the first continuous interphase layer has a thickness of not less than 10 nanometers and not more than 100 nanometers.
5. The thermostructural composite material part according to claim 1 , wherein the second continuous interphase layer has a thickness of not less than 100 nanometers.
6. The thermostructural composite material part according to claim 1 , wherein the refractory matrix and the discontinuous grains are made of ceramic.