Nonaqueous electrolytic solution and nonaqueous-electrolyte battery
View Patent ↗Disclosed is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution which enables formation of a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery having high capacity and excellent storage characteristics at high temperatures, while sufficiently enhancing safety at the time of overcharge. A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery produced by using the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is also disclosed. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises an electrolyte and a nonaqueous solvent, and includes any of specific nonaqueous electrolytic solutions (A) to (D).
1. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising:
an electrolyte;
a nonaqueous solvent;
tris(4-t-butylphenyl) phosphate;
vinylene carbonate, and
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of
a cyclic carbonate comprising a fluorine atom,
a monofluorophosphoric acid salt, and
a difluorophosphoric acid salt, wherein
the proportion of the tris(4-t-butylphenyl) phosphate is 0.001% by weight or higher but less than 10% by weight of the nonagueous electrolytic solution, and the proportion of the vinylene carbonate is 0.001% by weight or higher but 8% by weight or lower, of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
2. A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery, comprising:
a negative electrode and a positive electrode which occlude and release a lithium ion; and
the nonaqueous electrolytic solution of claim 1 .
3. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising:
an electrolyte;
a nonaqueous solvent;
a phosphoric acid ester, comprising a phenyl group substituted by at least one alkyl group having 5 or more carbon atoms that is optionally substituted, and
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of
a cyclic carbonate comprising an unsaturated C═C bond,
a cyclic carbonate comprising a fluorine atom,
a monofluorophosphoric acid salt, and
a difluorophosphoric acid salt.
4. The solution of claim 3 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises at least 70% by volume of ethylene carbonate and γ-butyrolactone, in an ethylene carbonate/γ-butyrolactone volume ratio of from 5:95 to 45:55.
5. The solution of claim 4 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises at least 80% by volume of ethylene carbonate and γ-butyrolactone.
6. The solution of claim 4 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises at least 90% by volume of ethylene carbonate and γ-butyrolactone.
7. The solution of claim 3 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises at least 70% by volume of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, in an ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate volume ratio of from 30:70 to 60:40.
8. The solution of claim 7 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises at least 80% by volume of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate.
9. The solution of claim 7 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises at least 90% by volume of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate.
10. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the proportion of the vinylene carbonate 0.5% by weight or higher but 2% by weight or lower, of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
11. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising:
an electrolyte;
a nonaqueous solvent;
a phosphoric acid ester, comprising a phenyl group substituted by at least one alkyl group having 5 or more carbon atoms that is optionally substituted,
and
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of
a cyclic carbonate comprising an unsaturated C═C bond,
a cyclic carbonate comprising a fluorine atom,
a monofluorophosphoric acid salt, and
a difluorophosphoric acid salt,
wherein the total proportion of the phosphoric acid ester is 0.001% by weight or higher but less than 10% by weight of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
12. The solution of claim 11 , wherein the total proportion of the phosphoric acid ester is 0.001% by weight or higher but 5% by weight or lower of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
13. The solution of claim 11 , wherein total proportion of the phosphoric acid ester is 0.1% by weight or higher but 3% by weight or lower of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
14. The solution of claim 11 , wherein total proportion of the phosphoric acid ester is 0.1% by weight or higher but 2% by weight or lower of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
15. The solution of claim 11 , wherein total proportion of the phosphoric acid ester is 0.1% by weight or higher but 1.5% by weight or lower of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.