Compositions and methods for increasing the stability of food product additives
Disclosed are compositions including powdered green tea extract and a powdered preparation comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the compositions and using the compositions in food products, as well as food products containing or that are prepared from the compositions.
1. A powder blend composition, comprising: a homogenous blend of a powdered green tea extract (GT powder) and a powdered preparation comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA powder), wherein the combined amount of the GT powder and the fatty acids PUFA powder is at least about 90% by weight of the composition, wherein the weight ratio of the GT powder and the powdered PUFA powder is from 1:50 to 1:10, wherein the GT powder comprises a total polyphenol content of less than 95 wt. % based on the weight of the GT powder, with at least 40 wt. % of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) based on the weight of the GT powder and from about 5 to about 20 wt. % of epigallocatechin (EGC) based on the weight of the GT powder.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the PUFA powder comprises a microcapsule.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the PUFA powder comprises a powdered emulsion.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the GT powder contains greater than about 80 wt. % total polyphenols and an EGCG content of greater than 45 wt. % based on the weight of the GT powder.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the GT powder contains greater than about 80 wt. % total polyphenols, an EGCG content of from about 45 to about 55 wt. %, and a EGC content of from about 10 to about 13 wt. % based on the weight of the GT powder.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the GT powder contains an epicatechin (EC) content of from about 6 to about 15 wt. % based on the weight of the GT powder.
7. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the microcapsule comprises an agglomeration of primary microcapsules and a loading substance, each individual primary microcapsule having a primary shell, wherein the loading substance comprises a polyunsaturated fatty acid and is encapsulated by the primary shell, and wherein the agglomeration is encapsulated by an outer shell.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the primary shell, the outer shell, or both the primary and outer shells comprise a surfactant, gelatin, polyphosphate, polysaccharide, or a mixture thereof.
9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the primary shell, the outer shell, or both the primary and outer shells comprise any one or more of the following proteins: gelatin type A, gelatin type B, pork gelatin, beef gelatin, fish gelatin, kosher gelatin, non-kosher gelatin, Halal gelatin, non-Halal gelatin, milk protein, casein, caseinate, whey protein, soy protein, pea protein, rice protein, canola protein, albumin, alfa-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobumin, or ovalbumin, in combination with any one or more of the following polymers: polyphosphate, gum arabic, gellan gum, xylan gum, agar, alginate, chitin, chitosan, carrageenan, pectin, starch, modified starch, polysorbiton, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydropropylmethylcellulose, or carboxymethylcellulose.
10. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the primary shell, the outer shell, or both the primary and outer shells comprise fish gelatin, pork gelatin, or beef gelatin.
11. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the primary shell, the outer shell, or both the primary and outer shells comprise a complex coacervate.
12. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the complex coacervate is a complex coacervate of gelatin and polyphosphate.
13. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the outer shell has an average diameter of from about 1 μm to about 2,000 μm.
14. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the primary shell has an average diameter of from about 40 nm to about 10 μm.
15. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the loading substance is from about 20% to about 90% by weight of the microcapsule.
16. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the emulsion comprises a polymer component and a loading substance comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid.
17. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the polymer component comprises a surfactant, gelatin, polyphosphate, polysaccharide, or a mixture thereof.
18. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the polymer component comprises any one or more of the following: gelatin type A, gelatin type B, pork gelatin, beef gelatin, fish gelatin, kosher gelatin, non-kosher gelatin, Halal gelatin, non-Halal gelatin, milk protein, casein, caseinate, whey protein, soy protein, pea protein, rice protein, canola protein, albumin, alfa-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobumin, ovalbumin, polyphosphate, gum arabic, gellan gum, xylan gum, agar, alginate, chitin, chitosan, carrageenan, pectin, starch, modified starch, polysorbiton, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydropropylmethylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose, including any mixture or combination of these.
19. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the polymer component comprise fish gelatin, pork gelatin, or beef gelatin.
20. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the emulsion contains an average droplet size of less than about 1000 nm.
21. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the loading substance is from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the emulsion.
22. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the loading substance comprises one or more oils chosen from a microbial oil, algal oil, fungal oil, and plant oil.
23. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the loading substance comprises fish oil.
24. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the loading substance comprises an omega-3 fatty acid, an ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, and/or a mixture thereof.
25. The composition of claim 24 , wherein the ester of an omega-3 fatty acid comprises an alkyl ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, a monoglyceride of an omega-3 fatty acid, a diglyceride of an omega-3 fatty acid, a triglyceride ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, a phytosterol ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, an ester of an omega-3 fatty acid and an antioxidant, a furanoid ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, and/or a mixture thereof.
26. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the loading substance comprises docosahexaenoic acid and/or eicosapentaenoic acid, a C1-C6 alkyl ester thereof, a triglyceride ester thereof, a phytosterol ester thereof, and/or a mixture thereof.
27. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the loading substance further comprises one or more of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, tocotrienol, lycopene, lutein, astaxanthin, zeazanthin, phytosterol or esters thereof, stanol or and esters thereof, Coenzyme Q 10, ubiquinol, a hydrophobic amino acid, or an essential oil.
28. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the loading substance further comprises an additional biologically active substance or a nutritional supplement.
29. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising citric acid.
30. A food product comprising the composition of claim 1 .
31. The food product of claim 30 , wherein the food product is a nutritional bar.
32. The food product of claim 30 , wherein the food product is a granola bar.
33. A method for preparing the composition of claim 1 , comprising: blending the powdered green tea extract and the powdered preparation comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids to form the powder blend composition of claim 1 .
34. A method for preparing a granola bar, comprising: providing a binding syrup at an elevated temperature; cooling the binding syrup; optionally adding citric acid to the cooled binding syrup; optionally adding a flavor, a masking flavor, or a mixture of these to the cooled binding syrup; adding the powder blend composition of claim 1 ; and blending the resulting mixture with a granola composition.
35. The method of claim 34 , wherein the citric acid is present in an amount of from 1 to 7.5% by weight of the powder blend composition of claim 1 comprising the powdered green tea extract and the powdered preparation comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids.