Turbomachine clearance control configuration using a shape memory alloy or a bimetal
A turbomachine which operates at enhanced operating temperatures includes a stationary component. A rotating component includes a clearance to avoid a rubbing contact between the stationary component and the rotating component, the clearance including a first value in a stationary state of the turbomachine and a second value in a steady-state operation of the machine, wherein during a transient operating phase between the stationary state and the steady-state operation, the clearance includes a value which traverses a curve having an extreme value on account of a different time variation of a rotational speed and a thermal expansion of different components. A compensating device includes a non-linear compensation mechanism configured to reduce or compensate the extreme value during the transient operating phase.
1. A turbomachine comprising:
a stationary component;
a rotating component, wherein a clearance is provided to avoid a rubbing contact between the stationary component and the rotating component, the clearance having a first value in a stationary state of the turbomachine and a second value in a steady-state operation of the machine, wherein during a transient operating phase between the stationary state and the steady-state operation, the clearance has a value which traverses a curve having an extreme value on account of a different time variation of a rotational speed and a thermal expansion of different components;
and a compensating device including a non-linear compensation mechanism configured to reduce or compensate the extreme value during the transient operating phase, wherein
the compensating device does not have its maximum excursion at the start or end of the transient operating phase but in the transient operating phase itself, where the extreme value of the clearance occurs in the transient operating phase.
2. The turbomachine as recited in claim 1 , wherein the compensating device includes a self-adjusting device configured to one of increase and decrease the clearance as a function of an external parameter.
3. The turbomachine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the self-adjusting device is configured to change its shape so as to increase or decrease the clearance.
4. The turbomachine as recited in claim 3 , wherein the self-adjusting device has a predetermined height, the device being configured to change its height so as to increase or decrease the clearance.
5. The turbomachine as recited in claim 2 , the self-adjusting device is configured to increase or decrease the clearance as a function of temperature.
6. The turbomachine as recited in claim 5 , wherein the self-adjusting device includes a hysteresis in a temperature behavior of the self-adjusting device.
7. The turbomachine as recited in claim 5 , wherein the self-adjusting device includes a bimetal.
8. The turbomachine as recited in claim 5 , wherein the self-adjusting device includes a shape-memory alloy.
9. The turbomachine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the rotating component includes a rotor blade, the clearance being disposed between a tip of the rotor blade and an oppositely disposed stationary casing.
10. The turbomachine as recited in claim 9 , wherein the rotor blade is seated by a blade root in a carrier in a rotor and supported by a supporting device against an aggressive centrifugal force on the rotor, the self-adjusting device being disposed between the supporting device and the rotor.
11. The turbomachine as recited in claim 10 , wherein the self-adjusting device is configured to change its height in a radial direction in a temperature-controlled manner between a first and a second value, and wherein a difference between the first and the second value corresponds to the extreme value of the curve.
12. The turbomachine as recited in claim 2 , wherein the stationary component includes a stator blade, the clearance being disposed between a tip of the stator blade and an oppositely disposed rotor.