Power management apparatus, power management method, and power management system
The power management apparatus provided in a vehicle includes: a switch 6 for bringing a state between the first and second electric power storage devices 1 and 2 into a non-conduction state during a normal operation and switching the state therebetween to a conduction state when a failure of the power converter 4 is detected; and a power management section 7 for controlling the motor-generator 3 so that a difference between voltages of the first and second electric power storage devices 1 and 2 is equal to or smaller than a predetermined voltage difference before the switch 6 is operated to perform switching from the non-conduction state to the conduction state.
1. A power management apparatus provided in a vehicle including:
a first circuit including a first electric power storage device; a second circuit including a second electric power storage device; a power converter for converting power of the first electric power storage device to supply the converted power to the second electric power storage device and an electric apparatus of the vehicle; and a motor-generator connected to the first electric power storage device, the power management apparatus comprising:
a switch connected between the first circuit and the second circuit and provided separately from the power converter, for bringing a state between the first circuit and the second circuit into a non-conduction state during a normal operation of the power converter and switching the state between the first circuit and the second circuit from the non-conduction state to a conduction state when a failure of the power converter is detected; and
a power management section for controlling the motor-generator so that a difference between a voltage of the first electric power storage device and a voltage of the second electric power storage device is equal to or smaller than a first predetermined voltage difference before the switch is operated to switch the state between the first circuit and the second circuit from the non-conduction state to the conduction state.
2. A power management apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the power management section operates the motor-generator in a driving state in which the power of the first electric power storage device is used to apply a torque to exterior when the difference between the voltage of the first electric power storage device and the voltage of the second electric power storage device is equal to or larger than a second predetermined voltage difference.
3. A power management apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the power management section is configured to:
allow the motor-generator to continue operating in the driving state until the voltage of the first electric power storage device becomes equal to or smaller than a target voltage smaller than the voltage of the second electric power storage device;
switch the operation of the motor-generator to an operation in a power-generation state for generating power in response to an external torque to charge the first electric power storage device and allow the motor-generator to continue operating in the power-generation state when the voltage of the first electric power storage device becomes equal to the target voltage; and
operate the switch to switch the state between the first circuit and the second circuit from the non-conduction state to the conduction state when the difference between the voltage of the first electric power storage device and the second electric power storage device becomes equal to or smaller than the first predetermined voltage difference.
4. A power management apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the power management section performs control so that a torque output from an engine of the vehicle becomes smaller in accordance with a magnitude of the torque generated by the motor-generator when the motor-generator is driven, while the motor-generator operates in the driving state.
5. A power management apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the power management section performs control so that a sum of a driving torque of the motor-generator and a driving torque of the engine becomes equal to a torque requested by the vehicle while the motor-generator operates in the driving state.
6. A power management apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the power management section stops fuel supply to the engine when the output torque of the engine becomes equal to or smaller than a predetermined torque while the motor-generator operates in the driving state.
7. A power management apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the power management section performs control so that a change in any one of a driving torque generated by the motor-generator and a power-generation torque falls within a predetermined range after the detection of the failure of the power converter until the switch is operated to switch the state between the first circuit and the second circuit from the non-conduction state to the conduction state.
8. A power management system, comprising:
a first circuit including a first electric power storage device;
a second circuit including a second electric power storage device;
a power converter for converting power of the first electric power storage device to supply the converted power to the second electric power storage device and an electric apparatus of a vehicle;
a motor-generator connected to the first electric power storage device;
a switch connected between the first circuit and the second circuit and separately provided from the power converter, for bringing a state between the first circuit and the second circuit into a non-conduction state during a normal operation of the power converter and switching the state between the first circuit and the second circuit from the non-conduction state to a conduction state when a failure of the power converter is detected; and
a power management section for controlling the motor-generator so that a difference between a voltage of the first electric power storage device and a voltage of the second electric power storage device is equal to or smaller than a first predetermined voltage difference before the switch is operated to switch the state between the first circuit and the second circuit from the non-conduction state to the conduction state.
9. A power management method carried out in a vehicle including:
a first circuit including a first electric power storage device; a second circuit including a second electric power storage device; a power converter for converting power of the first electric power storage device to supply the converted power to the second electric power storage device and an electric apparatus of the vehicle; and a motor-generator connected to the first electric power storage device, the power management method comprising:
operating a switch provided between the first circuit and the second circuit and separately provided from the power converter to achieve a non-conduction state between the first circuit and the second circuit while the power converter operates normally;
detecting a failure of the power converter when the failure occurs in the power converter;
controlling the motor-generator so that a difference between a voltage of the first electric power storage device and a voltage of the second electric power storage device becomes equal to or smaller than a first predetermined voltage difference when the failure is detected; and
operating the switch to switch the state between the first circuit and the second circuit from the non-conduction state to a conduction state when the difference between the voltage of the first electric power storage device and the voltage of the second electric power storage device becomes equal to or smaller than the first predetermined voltage difference.
10. The power management apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first predetermined voltage difference is set to a maximum voltage drop that occurs between the moto-generator and the first electric power storage device while the motor-generator is driven, and the power management section measures and prestores the maximum voltage drop in the power management section, and computes a first target voltage based on the maximum voltage drop for controlling a voltage between terminals of the first electric power storage device.
11. The power management apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the power management section operates the motor-generator to increase a driving torque of the motor generator until the voltage between the terminals of the first electric power storage device is equal to or smaller than the first target voltage.
12. The power management apparatus according to claim 1 , the power management section is configured to maintain the state of the switch to be in the non-conduction state until the difference between the voltage of the first electric power storage device and the voltage of the second electric power storage device is equal to or smaller than the first predetermined voltage.