Non-peptide macrocyclic histone deacetylese (HDAC) inhibitors and methods of making and using thereof

1. A compound of Formula I or II:

wherein M represents a macrolide subunit,

E is a C 1-6 group, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms, wherein the carbon atoms and/or heteroatoms are in a linear and/or cyclic arrangement,

D is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group,

A is a linking group connected to D,

B is an alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkylaryl or alkylheteroaryl spacer group,

ZBG is a Zinc Binding Group comprising a heterocyclic moiety,

R 13 is selected from hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkanoate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbamate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbonate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbamate group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 thiocarbamate group,

R 14 and R 16 is selected from hydrogen, hydroxyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkanoate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbamate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbonate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbamate group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 thiocarbamate group,

R 15 is hydrogen or —OR 17 ,

R 17 is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkanoate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbamate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbonate group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 carbamate group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 thiocarbamate group.

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the macrolide subunit is a multi-member lactonic ring structure.

3. The compound of claim 2 , wherein the macrolide subunit has the structure:

wherein

W is selected from —C(O)—, —C(═NOR 11 )—, —CH(—OR 11 )—, —NR 11 CH 2 —, —CH 2 NR 11 —, —CH(NR 11 R 11 )—, —C(═NNR 11 R 11 )—, —NR 11 C(O)—, —C(O)NR 11 —, and —C(═NR 11 )—;

R is selected from the group consisting of H and C 1-6 alkyl;

R 1 is selected from the group H, halogen, —NR 11 R 11 , NR 11 C(O)R 11 , —OR 11 , —OC(O)R 11 , —OC(O)OR 11 , —OC(O)NR 11 R 11 , —OC(O)C 1-6 alcyl-R 12 , —OC(O)C 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —OC(O)OC 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —OC(O)NR 11 C 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkynyl, optionally is substituted with one or more R 12 groups;

R 2 is H;

R 3 is selected from H, —OR 11 , —OC 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —OC(O)R 11 , —OC(O)C 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —OC(O)OR 11 , —OC(O)OC 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —OC(O)NR 11 R 11 , —OC(O)NR 11 C 1-6 alkyl-R 12 ; alternatively, R 3 is a pyran ring which can be substituted as defined above in Formulae I and II;

R 4 is selected from H, R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)OR 11 ,

—C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —C 1-6 alkyl-T-R 11 , —C 2-6 alkenyl-T-R 11 , and —C 2-6 alkynyl-T-R 11 ; alternatively R 3 and R 4 taken together form

T is selected from —C(O)—, —C(O)O—, —C(O)NR 11 —, —C(═NR 11 )—,

—C(═NR 11 )O—, —C(═NR 11 )NR 11 —, g) —OC(O)—, —OC(O)O—, —OC(O)NR 11 —,

—NR 11 C(O)—, —NR 11 C(O)O—, —NR 11 C(O)NR 11 —, —NR 11 C(═NR 11 )NR 11 —, and —S(O) p —, wherein p 0-2;

R 5 is selected from R 11 , —OR 11 , —NR 11 R 11 ,

—OC 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)C 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —OC(O)R 11 , —OC(O)G 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —OC(O)OR 11 , —OC(O)OC 1-6 alkyl-R. 12 , —OC(O)NR 11 R 11 , —OC(O)NR 11 C 1-6 alkyl-R 12 , —C(O)C 2-6 alkenyl-R 12 , and —C(O)C 2-6 alkynyl-R 12 ;

alternatively, R 4 and R 5 taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded, form:

wherein, Q is CH or N, and R 23 is —OR 11 or R 11 ;

R 6 is selected from —OR 11 , —C 1-6 alkoxy-R 12 , —C(O)R 11 , —OC(O)R 11 , —OC(O)OR 11 , —OC(O)NR 11 R 11 , —NR 11 R 11 ;

alternatively, R 5 and R 6 taken together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5-membered ring by attachment to each other through a linker selected from —OC(R 12 ) 2 O—, —OC(O)O—, —OC(O)NR 11 —, d) —NR 11 C(O)O—,

—OC(O)NOR 11 —, —NOR 11 C(O)O—, —OC(O)NNR 11 R 11 —, —NNR 11 R 11 C(O)O—,

—OC(O)C(R 12 ) 2 —, —C(R 12 ) 2 C(O)O—, —OC(S)O—, —OC(S)NR 11 —, —NR 11 C(S)O—, n)

—OC(S)NOR 11 —, —NOR 11 C(S)O—, —OC(S)NNR 11 R 11 —, —NNR 11 R 11 C(S)O—,

—OC(S)C(R 12 ) 2 —, —C(R 12 ) 2 C(S)O—;

alternatively, W, R 5 , and R 6 taken together with the atoms to which they are attached form:

wherein J is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NR 11 ;

R 6′ is selected from H, unsubstituted or substituted C 1-4 alkyl, C 2-4 alkenyl, which can be further substituted with C 1-2 alkyl or one or more halogens, C 2-4 alkynyl, which can be further substituted with C 1-2 alkyl or one or more halogens, aryl or heteroaryl, which can be further substituted with C 1-2 alkyl or one or more halogens, —C(O)H, —COOH, —CN, —COOR 11 , —C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)SR 11 ;

alternatively R 6 and R 6′ taken together with the atom to which they are attached to form an epoxide, a carbonyl, an olefin, or a substituted olefin, or a C 3 -C 7 carbocyclic, carbonate, or carbamate, wherein the nitrogen of the carbamate can be further substituted with a C 1 -C 6 alkyl;

R 7 is selected from C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, and C 2-6 alkynyl, optionally is substituted with one or more R 12 groups;

R 11 , for each occurrence, is selected from H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 6-10 saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic carbocycle, 3-12 membered saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic heterocycle containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, —C(O)—C 1-6 alkyl, —C(O)—C 2-6 alkenyl, —C(O)—C 2-6 alkynyl, —C(O)—C 6-10 saturated, unsaturated or aromatic carbocycle, —C(O)-3-12 membered saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic heterocycle containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, —C(O)O—C 1-6 allyl, —C(O)O—C 2-6 alkenyl, —C(O)O—C 2-6 alkynyl, —C(O)O—C 6-10 saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic carbocycle, —C(O)O-3-12 membered saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic heterocycle containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and —C(O)NR 13 R 13 , optionally is substituted with one or more R 12 groups; and

R 12 is selected from R 14 , C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 3-12 saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic carbocycle, 3-12 membered saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic heterocycle containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein D is a phenyl, biphenyl, or naphthyl group.

5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein A is an amide, —O—, or 1,2,3-triazolyl group.

6. The compound claim 1 , wherein B is an alkyl group having from 4-9 carbon atoms.

7. The compound claim 1 , wherein the zinc binding group is 3-hydroxypyridine-2-thione.

8. The compound claim 1 , wherein the compound is defined by the following formula

wherein R is:

and m is an integer from 1-12 inclusive.

9. The compound of claim 8 , wherein m is an integer from 5-9 inclusive.

10. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of the compound of claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, excipient, or carrier.

11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the composition is formulated for enteral or parenteral administration.

12. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the composition is formulated for immediate release, modified release, and combinations thereof.

13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the formulation is selected from the group consisting of delayed release, extended release, pulsatile release, and combinations thereof.

14. A method of treating a disease or disorder in a human or animal subject in need thereof comprising administering an effective amount of a compound claim 1 to the subject, wherein the disease or disorder is selected from the group consisting of cancer, inflammation, and parasitic infections.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the disease or disorder to be treated is cancer.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of lung cancer, myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and liver cancer.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the parasitic infection is selected from the group consisting of malaria and leishmaniasis.