Reducing emissions in polyurethane foam
This invention disclosure relates to a process to make flexible open cell polyurethane foam with optimum mechanical properties and lowest chemical emissions. Using the selection of tertiary amine catalysts together with a group of carboxylic acids according to this disclosure can produce foam products with optimum properties and lowest chemical emanations.
1. A catalyst for producing a flexible open cell polyurethane foam comprising:
i) a combination of:
adipic acid; and
at least one non-emissive and isocyanate reactive tertiary amine gelling catalyst selected from the group consisting of bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, dimethylaminopropylurea, N-dimethylaminopropyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine, and N-dimethylaminoethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine,
wherein the weight ratio of the at least one gelling catalyst to adipic acid is between 3.33:1 to 5:1; and
ii) at least one amine blowing catalyst selected from the group consisting of 2-[N-(dimethylaminoethoxyethyl)-N-methylamino]ethanol, and N,N,N′-trimethyl-N′-3-aminopropyl-bis(aminoethyl) ether,
wherein the flexible open cell polyurethane foam produced using the catalyst has no tertiary amine or acid emissions according to VDA method 278.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the catalyst further comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of N,N-bis(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl) amine; N,N-dimethyl-N′,N′-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)-1,3-propylenediamine; dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA); N-methyl-N′-2-hydroxypropyl-piperazine; bis(dimethylaminopropyl) amine, dimethylaminopropyl urea; N,N′-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl) urea, bis(dimethylamino)-2-propanol, N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)imidazole, N-(2-hydroxyethylimidazole), N,N′-bis(2-hydroxypropyl) piperazine, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-morpholine.
3. A catalyst comprising:
i) a combination of:
adipic acid; and
at least one tertiary amine catalyst selected from the group consisting of bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, dimethylaminopropylurea, N-dimethylaminopropyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine, and N-dimethylaminoethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine,
wherein the tertiary amine is substantially free of primary hydroxyl groups; and
wherein the weight ratio of the at least one tertiary amine catalyst to adipic acid is between 3.33:1 to 5:1; and
ii) at least one bis(dimethylaminoethyl)ether.
4. The catalyst of claim 1 further comprising at least one crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols and polyamines.
5. The catalyst of claim 4 wherein the crosslinking agent comprises diethanolamine.
6. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the gelling catalyst comprises about 0.25 to about 10 parts by weight and the acid comprises about 0.05 to about 3.0 parts by weight.
7. A catalyst for producing an open celled flexible polyurethane foam comprising:
i) a combination of:
adipic acid; and
a solution comprising at least one non-emissive and isocyanate reactive tertiary amine gelling catalyst selected from the group consisting of bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, dimethylaminopropylurea, N-dimethylaminopropyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine, and N-dimethylaminoethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine,
wherein the weight ratio of the at least one gelling catalyst to adipic acid is between 3.33:1 to 5:1, and
ii) at least one amine blowing catalyst selected from the group consisting of 2-[N-(dimethylaminoethoxyethyl)-N-methylamino]ethanol, and N,N,N′-trimethyl-N′-3-aminopropyl-bis(aminoethyl) ether,
wherein the foam produced using the catalyst has no tertiary amine or acid emissions according to VDA method 278.
8. The catalyst of claim 7 wherein the solution comprises at least one of glycols and diols.
9. A catalyst for producing an open celled flexible polyurethane foam comprising:
i) a combination of:
adipic acid; and
at least one non-emissive and isocyanate reactive tertiary amine gelling catalyst selected from the group consisting of bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, dimethylaminopropylurea, N-dimethylaminopropyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine, and N-dimethylaminoethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine,
wherein the weight ratio of the at least one gelling catalyst to adipic acid is between 3.57:1 to 5:1, and
wherein the tertiary amine is substantially free of primary hydroxyl groups; and
i) a solution comprising at least one amine blowing catalyst selected from the group consisting of 2-[N-(dimethylaminoethoxyethyl)-N-methylamino]ethanol, and N,N,N′-trimethyl-N′-3-aminopropyl-bis(aminoethyl) ether,
wherein the foam produced using the catalyst has no tertiary amine or acid emissions according to VDA method 278.