Partial saturation eddy current sensor apparatus and method of use
A method and apparatus for the inspection of electrically conductive components is described. The described apparatus comprises a sensor module having a magnetizer unit suitable for generating a variable DC magnetic field within the test component and an eddy current probe. The variable DC magnetic field and eddy current probe are configured to perform a partial saturation eddy current test upon the test component. The eddy current probe further comprises a magnetic field sensor that provides a means for measuring the permeability within the test component. Employing the magnetic field sensor provides apparatus that is more accurate and flexible in its modes of operation since such sensors provide a means for the actual permeability of a material being tested to be measured. The described methods and apparatus find particular application in the inspection of tubular components used in the oil and gas exploration and production industries.
1. A partial saturation eddy current sensor module for the non-destructive testing of a test component made of an electrically conductive material, the sensor module comprising a magnetiser unit generating a variable DC magnetic field within the test component and at least one eddy current probe, wherein the sensor module performs a partial saturation eddy current test upon the test component, wherein the at least one eddy current probe comprises a magnetic field sensor that provides a means for measuring the permeability within the test component, wherein the magnetic field sensor provides a feedback signal to the magnetiser unit.
2. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the magnetiser unit comprises a variable DC magnet source.
3. A sensor module as claimed in claim 2 wherein the variable DC magnet source is mounted between poles of a magnetic yoke.
4. A sensor module as claimed in claim 3 wherein the at least one eddy current probe is located substantially centrally between the poles of the magnetic yoke.
5. A sensor module as claimed in claim 2 wherein the variable DC magnetic source comprises a rotatably mounted permanent magnet.
6. A sensor module as claimed in claim 5 wherein the rotatably mounted permanent magnet is rotatably mounted with respect to the poles of the magnetic yoke.
7. A sensor module as claimed in claim 6 wherein the permanent magnet is rotatably mounted between the poles of the magnetic yoke so as to allow the permanent magnet to be moved to a deactivated position.
8. A sensor module as claimed in claim 6 wherein the magnetiser unit further comprise pole shoes attached to the poles of the magnetic yoke.
9. A sensor module as claimed in claim 8 wherein the pole shoes are shaped so as to assist location of the sensor module with the component to be tested.
10. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one eddy current probe is positioned within the sensor module such that an air gap is provided between the eddy current probe and the test component when the sensor module is deployed.
11. A sensor module as claimed in claim 10 wherein the magnetic field sensor is integrated within the eddy current probe.
12. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one of the eddy current probes is flexibly supported within the sensor module in order to allow them to locate as close as possible to the test component.
13. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the magnetiser unit comprises an electromagnet.
14. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sensor module further comprises a suspension mechanism that provides a means for varying the distance between the eddy current probes and the test component.
15. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sensor module further comprises one or more distance sensors that provide a means for measuring the distance from the sensor module to a first electrically conductive layer of the test component.
16. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the eddy current probes comprise eddy current coils arranged to operate in a differential configuration.
17. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the eddy current probes comprise eddy current coils arranged to operate in an absolute configuration.
18. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the magnetic field sensor comprises a Hall sensor.
19. A sensor module as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sensor module further comprises a data acquisition computer that provides a means for collating and analysing the signals detected by the at least one eddy current probe.
20. An inspection tool system for the non-destructive testing of test components made of an electrically conductive material the inspection tool system comprising at least one sensor module as claimed in claim 1 .