Power supply system, control device of power supply system, operation method of power supply system, and control method of power supply system
A power supply system according to the present invention includes a control device ( 110 ) which is configured such that if it is predicted that the sum of start-up power for a power generation system ( 101 ) and electric power consumed by an external electrical load ( 105 ) at start-up of the power generation system ( 101 ) and/or the sum of stopped-period power for the power generation system ( 101 ) and electric power consumed by the external electrical load ( 105 ) at stopping of power generation of the power generation system ( 101 ) exceed upper limit power, up to which an electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and that the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price, then the control device ( 110 ) performs control of supplying electric power stored in an electrical storage unit ( 107 ) to at least one of the power generation system ( 101 ) and the external electrical load ( 105 ) in order to prevent the amount of electric power supplied from a power grid ( 104 ) from exceeding the upper limit power.
1. A power supply system comprising:
a power generation system;
an electrical storage unit configured to supply electric power to the power generation system and an external electrical load; and
a control device configured to perform at least one of first control and second control,
the control device performing the first control if, at start-up of the power generation system, it is predicted that a sum of start-up power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by the external electrical load exceeds upper limit power, up to which an electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and that the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price, the first control being control of supplying electric power stored in the electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from a power grid from exceeding the upper limit power,
the control device performing the second control if, at stopping of power generation of the power generation system, it is predicted that a sum of stopped-period power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by the external electrical load exceeds the upper limit power, up to which the electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and that the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price, the second control being control of supplying electric power stored in the electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from the power grid from exceeding the upper limit power.
2. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the control device is configured to determine whether to permit or reject the start-up of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
3. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the control device is configured to determine whether to permit or reject continuation of a start-up process of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
4. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the control device is configured to charge the electrical storage unit via the power grid if, prior to a scheduled start-up time of the power generation system, electric power consumed by the external electrical load is less than or equal to the upper limit power.
5. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the power generation system is a fuel cell system, and
the fuel cell system includes an electric heater configured to increase a temperature of a component device of the fuel cell system to such a temperature as to allow a power generation operation to be performed at the start-up.
6. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the control device is configured to determine whether to permit or reject the stopping of the power generation of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
7. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is configured to determine whether to permit or reject continuation of a post-stop operation after stopping the power generation of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
8. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is configured to charge the electrical storage unit via at least one of the power grid and the power generation system if, prior to a scheduled power generation stop time of the power generation system, electric power consumed by the external electrical load is less than or equal to the upper limit power.
9. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein
the power generation system is a fuel cell system, and
the fuel cell system includes an electric heater configured to heat a water tank which stores water recovered from an exhaust gas generated in the fuel cell system.
10. The power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the control device includes:
a determiner configured to determine cost advantage information which is obtained when the control device performs at least one of the first control and the second control; and
an external output device configured to output, to outside, the cost advantage information determined by the determiner.
11. The power supply system according to claim 10 , further comprising a display device configured to display the cost advantage information outputted from the external output device.
12. A control device of a power supply system, configured to control the power supply system which includes: a power generation system; an external electrical load; and an electrical storage unit configured to supply electric power to the power generation system and the external electrical load, wherein
the control device of the power supply system is configured to perform at least one of first control and second control,
the control device performs the first control if, at start-up of the power generation system, it is predicted that a sum of start-up power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by the external electrical load exceeds upper limit power, up to which an electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and that the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price, the first control being control of supplying electric power stored in the electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from a power grid from exceeding the upper limit power, and
the control device performs the second control if, at stopping of power generation of the power generation system, it is predicted that a sum of stopped-period power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by the external electrical load exceeds the upper limit power, up to which the electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and that the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price, the second control being control of supplying electric power stored in the electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from the power grid from exceeding the upper limit power.
13. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 12 , wherein the control device of the power supply system is configured to determine whether to permit or reject the start-up of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
14. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 12 , wherein the control device of the power supply system is configured to determine whether to permit or reject continuation of a start-up process of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
15. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 12 , wherein the control device of the power supply system is configured to charge the electrical storage unit via the power grid if, prior to a scheduled start-up time of the power generation system, electric power consumed by the external electrical load is less than or equal to the upper limit power.
16. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 12 , wherein the control device of the power supply system is configured to determine whether to permit or reject the stopping of the power generation of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
17. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 12 , wherein
the control device of the power supply system is configured to determine whether to permit or reject continuation of a post-stop operation after stopping the power generation of the power generation system, based on suppliable electric power from the electrical storage unit.
18. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 12 , wherein
the control device of the power supply system is configured to charge the electrical storage unit via at least one of the power grid and the power generation system if, prior to a scheduled power generation stop time of the power generation system, electric power consumed by the external electrical load is less than or equal to the upper limit power.
19. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 12 , comprising:
a determiner configured to determine cost advantage information which is obtained when the control device performs at least one of the first control and the second control; and
an external output device configured to output, to outside, the cost advantage information determined by the determiner.
20. The control device of the power supply system, according to claim 19 , further comprising a display device configured to display the cost advantage information outputted from the external output device.
21. An operation method of a power supply system, comprising performing at least one of first control and second control,
the first control including:
at start-up of a power generation system, predicting whether a sum of start-up power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by an external electrical load exceeds upper limit power, up to which an electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price; and
if the electric rate is predicted to be changed to the relatively high unit price, supplying electric power stored in an electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from a power grid from exceeding the upper limit power,
the second control including:
at stopping of power generation of the power generation system, predicting whether a sum of stopped-period power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by the external electrical load exceeds the upper limit power, up to which the electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price; and
if the electric rate is predicted to be changed to the relatively high unit price, supplying electric power stored in the electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from the power grid from exceeding the upper limit power.
22. A control method of a power supply system, comprising performing at least one of first control and second control,
the first control including:
at start-up of a power generation system, predicting whether a sum of start-up power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by an external electrical load exceeds upper limit power, up to which an electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price; and
if the electric rate is predicted to be changed to the relatively high unit price, supplying electric power stored in an electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from a power grid from exceeding the upper limit power,
the second control including:
at stopping of power generation of the power generation system, predicting whether a sum of stopped-period power for the power generation system and electric power consumed by the external electrical load exceeds the upper limit power, up to which the electric rate is kept to a relatively low unit price, and the electric rate is to be changed to a relatively high unit price; and
if the electric rate is predicted to be changed to the relatively high unit price, supplying electric power stored in the electrical storage unit to at least one of the power generation system and the external electrical load in order to prevent electric power supplied from the power grid from exceeding the upper limit power.