Electroacoustic transducer having reduced losses due to transverse emission and improved performance due to suppression of transverse modes

1. An electroacoustic transducer arranged in an acoustic track, the electroacoustic transducer comprising:

a piezoelectric substrate;

two busbars arranged on the substrate;

two electrodes arranged on the substrate, each electrode having interdigital electrode fingers interconnected with a respective one of the two busbars, the electrodes configured for the excitation of an acoustic wave; and

a plurality of regions running parallel to the acoustic track, wherein the acoustic wave experiences different longitudinal propagation velocity in each of the regions, the regions comprising:

a central excitation region with a first longitudinal velocity;

inner edge regions flanking the central excitation region on both sides, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions deviates from the longitudinal velocity of the central excitation region;

outer edge regions flanking the inner edge regions, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions or is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the central excitation region;

regions of the busbars flanking the outer edge regions, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the regions of the busbars is lower than the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions;

wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ>−1, when the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions;

wherein and k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1, when the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the central excitation region;

wherein the longitudinal velocity is higher in the inner edge region than in the central excitation region; and

wherein k x is a component of a wave vector in a longitudinal direction, Γ is an anisotropy factor, k y is a component of the wave vector in a transverse direction, and k 0 is the wave vector in a main propagation direction.

2. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions and wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1.

3. The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 2 , wherein the longitudinal velocity is lower in the inner edge regions than in the central excitation region.

4. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the central excitation region and wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1.

5. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric substrate has a higher electroacoustic coupling coefficient than quartz.

6. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrode fingers, at least in sections along the transverse direction, are wider within the inner edge regions than in the central excitation region.

7. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrode fingers, at least in sections along the transverse direction, are narrower within the inner edge regions than in the central excitation region.

8. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a width of the electrode fingers, at least in sections along the transverse direction, changes linearly within the inner edge regions.

9. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein heights of the electrode fingers, at least in sections along the transverse direction, are higher within the inner edge regions than in the central excitation region.

10. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein heights of the electrode fingers are higher in the central excitation region than in the inner edge regions, the outer edge regions or the regions of the busbars.

11. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a height of the electrode fingers within the inner edge regions changes in a stepwise manner at least in sections along the transverse direction.

12. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a height of the electrode fingers within the inner edge regions increases linearly at least in sections along the transverse direction.

13. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a conductive or dielectric material different than a material of the electrode arranged on the electrode fingers in the inner edge regions, at least in lateral sections.

14. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 13 , wherein dielectric material is arranged in the inner edge regions on and between the electrode fingers.

15. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising hafnium oxide or tantalum oxide arranged on or between the electrode fingers.

16. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal velocity is higher in the outer edge regions than in the central excitation region.

17. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal velocity is higher in the inner edge regions than in the regions of the busbars.

18. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:

the longitudinal velocity in each of the inner edge regions is identical;

the longitudinal velocity in each of the outer edge regions is identical; and

the longitudinal velocity in each of the regions of the busbars is identical.

19. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a normalized overlap integral is greater than 0.9;

wherein the normalized overlap integral is given by:

<Φ|Ψ>/√{square root over (<Φ|Φ><Ψ|Ψ>)}≦1;

where (1) is a transverse excitation profile and Ψ is a transverse deflection profile.

20. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a transverse excitation profile of a fundamental mode of the acoustic wave is adapted to a transverse deflection profile by phase weighting in the inner edge region.

21. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrode fingers or the busbars are covered by a dielectric layer.

22. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the electrode fingers or the busbars are covered by an SiO 2 layer.

23. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electroacoustic transducer is a GBAW component.

24. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein widths of the outer edge regions are determined by a transverse distance between ends of the electrode fingers of one of the two electrodes and the busbar of the other of the two electrodes.

25. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein widths of the outer edge regions are determined by a transverse distance between ends of the electrode fingers of one of the two electrodes and ends of stub fingers interconnected with the busbar of the other of the two electrodes.

26. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electroacoustic transducer is part of a resonator that operates with acoustic waves, having reflectors that delimit the acoustic track in a longitudinal direction.

27. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the reflector has the same transverse velocity profile of the acoustic waves as the transducer.

28. The electroacoustic transducer as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the reflector has reflector fingers having the same construction as the electrode fingers of the transducer in a transverse direction.

29. A method for producing an electroacoustic transducer in an acoustic track as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:

providing a piezoelectric substrate;

providing busbars on the substrate;

providing two electrodes arranged on the substrate, each electrode comprising at least one of hafnium or tantalum and having interdigital electrode fingers interconnected with a respective one the busbars, the electrodes configured for excitation of an acoustic wave; and

oxidizing material of the at least one of hafnium or tantalum of the electrode fingers electrodes in an inner edge region;

wherein a plurality of regions run parallel to the acoustic track, wherein the acoustic wave experiences different longitudinal propagation velocity in different ones of the plurality of regions;

wherein the plurality of regions comprises:

a central excitation region, the central excitation region having a longitudinal velocity;

the inner edge regions, which flank the central excitation region on both sides, wherein a longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions deviates from the longitudinal velocity of the central excitation region;

outer edge regions flanking the inner edge regions, wherein a longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions or is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the central excitation region; and

regions of the busbars flanking the outer edge regions, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the regions of the busbars is lower than the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions;

wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1, when the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions;

wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1, when the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the central excitation region; and

wherein k x is a component of a wave vector in a longitudinal direction, Γ is an anisotropy factor, k y is a component of the wave vector in a transverse direction, and k 0 is the wave vector in a main propagation direction.

30. An electroacoustic transducer arranged in an acoustic track, the electroacoustic transducer comprising:

a piezoelectric substrate;

two busbars arranged on the substrate;

two electrodes arranged on the substrate, each electrode having interdigital electrode fingers interconnected with a respective one of the two busbars, the electrodes configured for the excitation of an acoustic wave;

a plurality of regions running parallel to the acoustic track, wherein the acoustic wave experiences different longitudinal propagation velocity in each of the regions, the regions comprising:

a central excitation region with a first longitudinal velocity,

outer edge regions flanking inner edge regions and the central excitation region on both sides, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions deviates from the longitudinal velocity of the central excitation region and wherein the longitudinal velocity is higher in the inner edge regions than in the central excitation region;

regions of the busbars flanking the outer edge regions, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the regions of the busbars is lower than the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions;

wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1; and

wherein k x is a component of a wave vector in a longitudinal direction, Γ is an anisotropy factor, k y is a component of the wave vector in a transverse direction, and k 0 is the wave vector in a main propagation direction.

31. An electroacoustic transducer arranged in an acoustic track, the electroacoustic transducer comprising:

a piezoelectric substrate;

two busbars arranged on the substrate;

two electrodes arranged on the substrate, each electrode having interdigital electrode fingers interconnected with a respective one of the two busbars, the electrodes configured for the excitation of an acoustic wave;

a material that is one of hafnium oxide or tantalum oxide and that is disposed on or between the electrode fingers;

a plurality of regions running parallel to the acoustic track, wherein the acoustic wave experiences different longitudinal propagation velocity in each of the regions, the regions comprising:

a central excitation region with a first longitudinal velocity;

inner edge regions flanking the central excitation region on both sides, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions deviates from the longitudinal velocity of the central excitation region;

outer edge regions flanking the inner edge regions, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions or is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the central excitation region;

regions of the busbars flanking the outer edge regions, wherein the longitudinal velocity in the regions of the busbars is lower than the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions;

wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1, when the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the inner edge regions;

wherein k x 2 +(1+Γ)k y 2 =k 0 2 and Γ<−1, when the longitudinal velocity in the outer edge regions is higher than the longitudinal velocity in the central excitation region; and

wherein k x is a component of a wave vector in a longitudinal direction, Γ is an anisotropy factor, k y is a component of the wave vector in a transverse direction, and k 0 is the wave vector in a main propagation direction.