Anionic exchange electrolyte polymer membranes
The present disclosure provides a membrane having a first major surface and a second major surface and including one or more anionic exchange electrolyte polymers. The membranes can be useful for selectively mass transporting molecules and/or ions.
1. A membrane having a first surface and a second surface, the membrane comprising one or more anionic exchange electrolyte polymers;
wherein the one or more anionic exchange electrolyte polymers comprise a plurality of contiguous domains, wherein the plurality of contiguous domains comprise at least a first contiguous domain and at least a second contiguous domain that are phase separated;
wherein the first contiguous domain comprises a plurality of repeat units having moieties with electrostatically bound negative ions and covalently bound positive ions;
wherein the second contiguous domain comprises a plurality of repeat units with non- charge bearing moieties; and
wherein at least a portion of the first contiguous domain or at least a portion of the second contiguous domain extends from the first surface of the membrane to the second surface of the membrane.
2. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the second contiguous domain forms an elastic matrix that supports the first contiguous domain.
3. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the second contiguous domain is plastic, rubbery, or semi-crystalline.
4. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the membrane forms a permeable barrier that selectively allows molecules and/or ions that are soluble in the first contiguous domain to pass between the first and second surfaces of the membrane.
5. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the membrane forms a permeable barrier that selectively allows molecules that have large dipole moments or that can be dissolved in solvents that have large dipole moments to pass between the first and second surfaces of the membrane.
6. The membrane of claim 5 wherein the solubility of the large dipole moment molecules in the first contiguous domain is greater than 10 times the solubility in the first contiguous domain of low dipole moment molecules that do not pass between the first and second surfaces of the membrane.
7. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the membrane has high permittivity when exposed to DC or slowly varying AC voltages.
8. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the membrane has a permittivity of at least 50.
9. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the membrane has a permittivity of at least 1000.
10. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the membrane has a permittivity of at least 10,000.
11. A method for selectively mass transporting molecules and/or ions, the method comprising:
providing a membrane according to claim 1 having molecules and/or ions in contact or in close proximity with the first surface of the membrane; and
allowing the molecules and/or ions that are soluble in the first contiguous domain to pass between the first and second surfaces of the membrane.