Device and method to shape worked pieces
View Patent ↗A device to process a blank ( 3 ) that includes at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) that may be radially positioned or radially displaced. An inner shaping tool ( 9 ) is mounted co-axially to the main machine axis (x) of the main spindle ( 1.1 ). The inner shaping tool ( 9 ) may be axially displaced and/or axially positioned with respect to the axial position of the outer shaping tools ( 8 ).
1. A device for machining a workpiece ( 4 ) to be shaped consisting of a rotationally symmetrical hollow body blank ( 3 ) and a main spindle ( 1 . 1 ) each having an axis which is the same as a machine main axis (x), said device comprising:
at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) including one or more outer shaping rollers, said at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) configured for being radially positioned and radially moved corresponding to a predefined desired outer and inner contour of said workpiece ( 4 ) to be shaped, and further configured for being displaced in an axial direction along said machine main axis (x);
an inner shaping tool ( 9 ) which is freely rotatably fixed to a holder ( 5 ), said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) configured for being completely inserted into a central region of said workpiece ( 4 ), such that an area of an outer contour ( 9 . 2 ) of said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) always engages a shaping zone in which an effective outer diameter of the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) is equal to or slightly smaller than a desired inner diameter of the workpiece 4 , said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) being freely rotated about said machine main axis (x) by frictional interaction with between an outer contour ( 9 . 2 ) of said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) and an inner surface of said workpiece ( 4 ), said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) further configured for being displaced in an axial direction along said machine main axis (x) and wherein said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) is mounted so that said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) is configured to freely rotate about and coaxially with the machine main axis (x) of the main spindle ( 1 . 1 ), wherein the one or more outer shaping rollers of the at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) are configured to engage with an outer surface of the workpiece ( 4 ) in a region of the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) from externally against said outer surface of the workpiece ( 4 ), said inner shaping tool ( 9 ) having an axial length which is less than 50% of an axial length of the workpiece ( 4 ) to be shaped, wherein the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) has an axially profiled outer contour ( 9 . 2 ) configured to provide different effective inner shaping tool diameters, wherein the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) is configured to be axially moved and axially positioned relative to an axial position of the at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) in order to predefine an axial position of the shaping zone on the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) located between the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) and the at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) through axial positioning of the at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) relative to the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) so that, due to the different effective tool diameters of the outer contour ( 9 . 2 ) of the inner shaping tool ( 9 ), an inner diameter of the workpiece ( 4 ) is predefined through the relative axial position of the at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ) and the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) relative to each other;
an axially movable headstock ( 1 ) movable along said machine main axis (x), and wherein said axially movable headstock ( 1 ) includes a driven entrainment element ( 11 ) and a tailstock ( 2 ) with a receiving device formed as a centering element ( 7 ), said axially movable headstock ( 1 ) and said tailstock ( 2 ) configured to cooperate to maintain said workpiece ( 4 ) centered and axial along said machine main axis (x); and
said centering element ( 7 ) comprising a tensioning device ( 14 ) with a pressure extension ( 10 ) guided centrally with respect to the machine main axis (x), wherein said tensioning device ( 14 ) with the pressure extension ( 10 ) is configured to hold the workpiece to be shaped ( 4 ) centered and braced axially along said machine main axis (x) between the driven entrainment element ( 11 ) and the centering element ( 7 ), so that the headstock ( 1 ) with rotating main spindle ( 1 . 1 ), the workpiece to be shaped ( 4 ) and the tailstock ( 2 ) form, due to a pre-stressing, one unit configured to be moved jointly through an axial force of a feed device ( 15 ) arranged on the headstock ( 1 ) with a controlled feed in the axial direction relative to the at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ).
2. The device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) is configured to be axially moved and axially positioned during shaping of the workpiece to be shaped ( 4 ) relative to the position of the at least one outer shaping tool ( 8 ).
3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) has a spherical outer contour.
4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the outer contour ( 9 . 2 ) of the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) has one or more cylindrical portions and one or more transitions selected from the group of transitions consisting of conical, concave and convex transitions.
5. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) has a surface contoured in the peripheral direction engaging against the inner contour of the workpiece to be shaped ( 4 ).
6. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) is composed of a plurality of outer profiles and outer contours.
7. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the inner shaping tool ( 9 ) has at least one shaping roller which is mounted coaxially with the machine main axis (x).