Lighting device, display device and liquid crystal display device

1. A lighting device comprising:

a light source;

a light guide provided adjacent to the light source and including a light source light incident surface on which light emitted by the light source enters and a planar light emission surface from which planar light is emitted; and

an optical sheet arranged to be opposed to the planar light emission surface of the light guide, including a planar light incident surface on which the planar light enters, and configured to change a traveling direction of the planar light emitted from the light guide because a light emission side of the optical sheet where the light entering from the planar light incident surface is emitted has a shape in which plural columnar prisms extending in parallel to the light source light incident surface are arranged side by side; wherein

each of the plural columnar prisms has a plurality of distal surfaces, which are surfaces on a side relatively far from the light source when viewed from a ridgeline of the columnar prism, and a plurality of proximal surfaces, which are surfaces on a side relatively close to the light source when viewed from the ridgeline of the columnar prism;

the plurality of distal surfaces and the plurality of proximal surfaces are inclined surfaces for forming an outer shape of the columnar prism;

the plurality of distal surfaces incline such that a thickness of the optical sheet is decreased as the distal surfaces are farther away from the ridgeline;

the plurality of proximal surfaces incline such that the thickness of the optical sheet is increased as the proximal surfaces are near the ridgeline;

at least two of the plurality of distal surfaces have different inclination angles, the inclination angle of a respective distal surface being represented in a range of 0° to 90° and formed with the planar light incident surface by the respective distal surface; and

each of the plurality of proximal surfaces is inclined at a larger inclination angle than an inclination angle of each of the plurality of distal surfaces, the inclination angle of a respective proximal surface being represented in a range of 0° to 90° and formed with the planar light incident surface by the respective proximal surface.

2. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein,

in the columnar prism, the inclination angle represented in the range of 0° to 90° formed with the planar light incident surface by the proximal surfaces is larger than 0° and equal to or smaller than 10° with respect to the inclination angle represented in the range of 0° to 90° formed with the planar light incident surface by one of the distal surfaces having a highest ratio of an occupied area when projected on the planar light incident surface among the plurality of distal surfaces.

3. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein

a difference Δφ between two different inclination angles of the plurality of distal surfaces is 4°≦Δφ≦20°.

4. The lighting device according to claim 3 , wherein

the difference Δφ between two different inclination angles of the plurality of distal surfaces is 5°≦Δφ≦15°.

5. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein,

when the plurality of distal surfaces of the columnar prism are projected on the planar light incident surface, a ratio of an area occupied by any one of the projected distal surfaces is 10 to 30%.

6. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein,

when the plurality of distal surfaces of the columnar prism are projected on the planar light incident surface, a ratio of an area occupied by any one of the projected distal surfaces is 20 to 25%.

7. A display device comprising:

the lighting device according to claim 1 ; and

a display panel arranged in a traveling direction of light emitted from the lighting device.

8. A liquid crystal display device comprising:

the lighting device according to claim 1 ; and

a liquid crystal display panel arranged in a traveling direction of light emitted from the lighting device, wherein

the liquid crystal display panel includes a pair of polarizers arranged across a liquid crystal layer, and

an angle formed with the ridgeline direction by a direction of an absorption axis of a polarizer arranged in a position close to the lighting device of the pair of polarizers is smaller than an angle formed with a direction orthogonal to the ridgeline direction by the direction of the absorption axis.

9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8 , wherein

the liquid crystal display panel further includes a reflective polarizer on the lighting device side, and

a reflection axis of the reflective polarizer is substantially parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer arranged in the position close to the lighting device.

10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9 , wherein

the liquid crystal display panel further includes a diffusion adhesive between the polarizer arranged in the position close to the lighting device and the reflective polarizer.

11. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 , wherein

the proximal surfaces and the distal surfaces of the columnar prism are alternately disposed.

12. A lighting device comprising:

a light source;

a light guide provided adjacent to the light source and including a light source light incident surface on which light emitted by the light source enters and a planar light emission surface from which planar light is emitted; and

an optical sheet arranged to be opposed to the planar light emission surface of the light guide, including a planar light incident surface on which the planar light enters, and configured to change a traveling direction of the planar light emitted from the light guide because a light emission side of the optical sheet where the light entering from the planar light incident surface is emitted has a shape in which plural columnar prisms extending in parallel to the light source light incident surface are arranged side by side;

wherein

each of the plural columnar prisms has a plurality of distal surfaces, which are surfaces on a side relatively far from the light source when viewed from a ridgeline of the columnar prism, and a plurality of proximal surfaces, which are surfaces on a side relatively close to the light source when viewed from the ridgeline of the columnar prism;

the plurality of distal surfaces and the plurality of proximal surfaces are inclined surfaces for forming an outer shape of the columnar prism;

the plurality of distal surfaces incline such that a thickness of the optical sheet is decreased as the distal surfaces are farther away from the ridgeline;

the plurality of proximal surfaces incline such that the thickness of the optical sheet is increased as the proximal surfaces are near the ridgeline;

at least two of the plurality of distal surfaces have different inclination angles, the inclination angle of a respective distal surface being represented in a range of 0° to 90° and formed with the planar light incident surface by the respective distal surface; and

the plurality of proximal surfaces and the plurality of distal surfaces of the columnar prism are alternately disposed, and an inclination angle of the distal surface of the plurality of distal surfaces having a highest area ratio among the plurality of distal surfaces is equal to an inclination angle of all of the plurality of proximal surfaces, the inclination angle of a respective proximal surface being represented in a range of 0° to 90° and formed with the planar light incident surface by the respective proximal surface.

13. A liquid crystal display device comprising:

the lighting device according to claim 12 ; and

a liquid crystal display panel arranged in a traveling direction of light emitted from the lighting device;

wherein the liquid crystal display panel includes a pair of polarizers arranged across a liquid crystal layer and a reflective polarizer on the lighting device side; and

an angle formed with the ridgeline direction by a direction of an absorption axis of a polarizer arranged in a position close to the lighting device of the pair of polarizers is smaller than an angle formed with a direction orthogonal to the ridgeline direction by the direction of the absorption axis; and

a reflection axis of the reflective polarizer is substantially parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer arranged in the position close to the lighting device.

14. The lighting device according to claim 12 , wherein

the columnar prism has three distal surfaces having three different inclination angles, and

differences Δφ 13 and φ 35 between inclination angles of two distal surfaces having close inclination angles among the three distal surfaces are 4°≦Δφ 13 ≦20° and 4°≦Δφ 35 ≦20°.

15. The lighting device according to claim 12 , wherein

the columnar prism has three distal surfaces having three different inclination angles, and

differences φ 13 and φ 35 between inclination angles of two distal surfaces having close inclination angles among the three distal surfaces are 5°≦Δφ 13 ≦15° and 5°≦Δφ 35 ≦15°.